<p>The New Almaden quicksilver mine in the Capitancillas range in Santa Clara County, California, United States, is the oldest and most productive quicksilver  mine in the USA The site was known to the indigenous Ohlone for its cinnabar long before a Mexican settler became aware of the ores in 1820. By the time they were identified as mercury, the mine was perfectly timed to supply the California Gold Rush. The mine ran intermittently after 1927 and eventually closed. It was purchased by the county and is now part of Almaden Quicksilver County Park.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Cinnabar, bright red mercury ore, was used by the Ohlone people for paint. Andres Castillero, a captain in the Mexican Army, obtained a grant to the mine in 1846 but, occupied with his military duties during the Mexican War, soon sold it to Barron, Forbes Company, an English textile firm based in Tepic, Mexico. It was named "Nueva Almaden" by Alexander Forbes. Castillero&#39;s mining claim was confirmed by the Board of Commissioners that evaluated private land claims in California on January 8, 1856, but there was continued litigation in the District court, The United States vs. Andres Castillero. A claim of fraud was made on behalf of the Quicksilver Mining Company, which had acquired a competing land claim originating in an agricultural claim to the land the mine was on. On appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States the claim was found invalid in a decision rendered March 10, 1863. One of the competing land claims was Rancho Los Capitancillos.</p><br>
<p>The mine is named for a mercury mine in (old) Almadén, Spain, which had operated since at least Roman times. The term Almadén, meaning "the mine"., is derived from the Arabic language through medieval Islamic Spain.</p><br>
<p>In 1863, acting on information that title to the mine had not been proven, Abraham Lincoln attempted to seize the mine, but the federal agent and deputy federal marshal were met at the mine gates by armed miners. Mindful of the possibility of losing the loyalty of California during the Civil War, the federal government backed off and Barron, Forbes Company was allowed to sell it to American investors for $1.75 million.</p><br>
<p>Arthur De Wint Foote worked at New Almaden in the late 1870s under James Butterworth Randol.</p><br>
<p>Representations of historical life at the New Almaden Mine were drawn in vivid detail by Mary Hallock Foote, the wife of Arthur DeWint Foote, the resident engineer from 1876. Her illustrated correspondence about New Almaden, "A California Mining Camp", appeared in the February 1878 issue of Scribner&#39;s Monthly.</p><br>
<p>New Almaden also features prominently in her memoir A Victorian Gentlewoman in the Far West, which was later fictionalized by Wallace Stegner in his novel Angle of Repose.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The mineralized area in the Almaden mining district where the New Almaden and the nearby Guadalupe mine are located is within the large Franciscan Assemblage associated with the Coast Range. Quicksilver ore deposited by hydrothermal deposition of cinnabar from deep within the earth is found in a gangue of silica-carbonate rock formed locally by hydrothermal alteration of serpentine. The Guadalupe mine produced about 10% as much mercury as the New Almaden. There are several smaller mines in the mining district, but their ore production was not significant. The only significant quicksilver ore is cinnabar; other sulfides are present in small quantities. Mining, other than a single placer deposit of cinnabar, was underground. There is a high probability of undiscovered high-grade ore which could be found and exploited using modern techniques.</p><br>
<h2>Environment</h2><br>
<p>Mining operations resulted in mercury pollution of the Guadalupe River and South San Francisco Bay, impacting birds and aquatic species. Responsible parties have agreed to a settlement of approximately for restoration projects.</p><br>
<h2>Modern times</h2><br>
<p>The entrances to the mines are closed off. After being identified as a Superfund site and after subsequent containment activities, the mining area can now be visited as part of the Santa Clara County Almaden Quicksilver County Park. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961. By the time Santa Clara County bought the mines in 1976 and ended operations, 1,137,727 totaling 83,974,076 lb of mercury (worth more than US$70 million) had been extracted.</p><br>
<p>The remains of a variety of structures left over from the 135 years of mining activity, including housing for the up to 1,800 miners, are scattered about the park, with the biggest concentration at what was known as English Camp, established by Cornish miners in the 1860s. Some structures were built later by the USA Army Corps of Engineers and there is a memorial honoring the Civilian Conservation Corps firefighters who were stationed there for a time.</p><br>
<p>Two California Historical Landmark markers honor New Almaden Mine: #339 marks a cinnabar hill where Indians gathered pigment for paint, while #339-1 is near Arroyo de los Alamitos Creek where the actual mining of ore first occurred.</p><br>
<p>There is also a museum adjacent at the site.</p><br>
<h3>Almaden Quicksilver County Park</h3><br>
<p>Almaden Quicksilver County Park is a 4,147 acre (17 km²) park that includes the grounds of former mercury ("quicksilver") mines. The park&#39;s elevation varies greatly: the most used entrances (on the east side of the park) are less than 600 feet (183 m) above sea level, while the highest point in the park is over 1,700 feet (518 m) above sea level. During the coldest storms of the winter season, it is not uncommon for the high summits to receive a light dusting of snow (which usually melts by noon). The park is owned and managed by the County of Santa Clara and its grounds also include the Guadalupe Reservoir; adjacent to the park is the Almaden Reservoir. The Casa Grande Almaden Quicksilver Mining Museum is located nearby.</p><br>
<h4>Conversion from mines to park</h4><br>
<p>In the period 1976 to 1978 the county developed a number of new large parks in rapid succession including Grant Ranch Park, Sanborn Park and Almaden Quicksilver County Park. Very soon after buying the mining property in 1976, Santa Clara County began planning for park usage, in an era where the county parks program was aggressively expanding.</p><br>
<p>The county parks director envisioned a historic park where visitors could experience the mining past and also enjoy the biodiversity of the natural setting. Facilities plans were created and an Environmental Impact Report was prepared.</p><br>
<p>Principal issues assessed in the park proposal:</p><br>
<p>biological impacts upon habitat by park users</p><br>
<p>water quality impacts to creeks draining the watershed</p><br>
<p>visual and drainage impacts of road improvements</p><br>
<p>historical analysis of mine usage</p><br>
<h3>New Almaden Quicksilver Mining Museum</h3><br>
<p>The New Almaden Quicksilver Mining Museum is located in the Casa Grande (big house) at 21350 Almaden Road in New Almaden. La Case Grande, an 1854 revival-style mansion designed and built by architect Francis Meyers, was the official residence and office of the mine superintendents, as well as a country retreat for wealthy mine investors. The mansion now serves as the site of the New Almaden Quicksilver Mining Museum, which contains exhibits about the history of mercury mining and the cultural history of the mining communities at New Almaden. The exhibits include a mine diorama of the interior of a mine shaft, mining equipment and technology, a mine manager&#39;s office with period displays, and artifacts from Cornish, Mexican and Chinese mining families.</p><br>
<p>The Chazen Museum of Art is an art museum located at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in Madison, Wisconsin. The Chazen Museum of Art is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Until 2005 the Museum was known as the Elvehjem Museum of Art, named for Conrad Elvehjem, the 13th president of the University and an internationally known biochemist in nutrition. In May 2005 the museum was renamed the Chazen Museum of Art after a $20 million building-expansion donation from alumni Simona and Jerome A. Chazen, the latter a founder of Liz Claiborne. The original museum building, which opened in 1970, retains the Elvehjem name.</p><br>
<h2>Collections</h2><br>
<p>European artists represented in the museum include Joan Miró, Auguste Rodin, Salvador Dali, Barnaba da Modena, Barbara Hepworth, Jean Dufy, Andrea Vanni, Giorgio Vasari, René Magritte, Maurice Utrillo, Hubert Robert, Thomas Gainsborough, Albert Gleizes, Henry Moore, Benjamin Williams Leader, Eugène Boudin, and Maximilien Luce. The museums collection of American artists includes Mark Rothko, Andy Warhol, Grandma Moses, and many of Alexander Calders works in several forms. Contemporary works by Shusaku Arakawa, a collection of regionalist paintings by John Steuart Curry, Russian Social Realist paintings by Georgy Ionin and Klavdy Vasiliyevich Lebedev, glass art by René Lalique, and a representation of Japanese woodblock prints are also exhibited.</p><br>
<p>Chamber concerts known as Sunday Afternoon Live from the Chazen (formerly Live at the Elvehjem) were broadcast from the museum by Wisconsin Public Radio until 2015 when WPR discontinued the program. The concert series continues on a monthly schedule as a live show with a webcast.</p><br>
<p>Křemešník is a mountain near the city of Pelhřimov in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. Its top is 767 meters above sea level. The mountain is part of Bohemian-Moravian Highlands .</p><br>
<p>The mountain was a traditional gathering place for pilgrims. During 1710-20, a Baroque-style church was built on the top of the mountain(extending an older, Gothic church building from 1555). Calvary (stations of the cross) has been built as well.</p><br>
<p>Next to the spring with slightly radioactive water lies a small chapel from 1689. According to legend, the spring has miraculous healing abilities. A 52-meter-high steel view-tower called Pípalka was erected here. A small but unfinished romantic-style villa-castelet Větrný zámek from 1930 lies next to the church.</p><br>
<p>During 15th century a silver mine existed here. Today, tourists can use a hotel, ski-lift and tourist pathway.</p><br>
<p>Ditmas Park is a neighborhood in western Flatbush in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, east of Kensington, and is one of three Flatbush neighborhoods which have been officially designated Historic Districts. Located on land formerly owned by the Ditmas family that remained rural until the early 20th century, the neighborhood consists of many large, free-standing Victorian homes built in the first decade of the 20th century. The traditional boundaries of Ditmas Park, including Ditmas Park West, are from Ocean Avenue to Coney Island Avenue, and from Dorchester Road to Newkirk Avenue. Ditmas Park is policed by the New York City Police Department&#39;s 70th Precinct, and is within Brooklyn Community Board 14.</p><br>
<p>Within Ditmas Park is the Ditmas Park Historic District, a national historic district consisting of 172 contributing, largely residential buildings built between 1902 and 1914. It includes fine examples of Colonial Revival, Bungalow/Craftsman, and Queen Anne style single family homes. Also in the district is one church, the brick Neo-Georgian Flatbush Congregational Church (1910).</p><br>
<h2>Community</h2><br>
<p>Newkirk Avenue, Coney Island Avenue, Cortelyou Road and to a lesser extent Church Avenue are the neighborhood&#39;s commercial strips while many of their north-south streets are lined with historic Victorian style homes. Since much of Ditmas Park is residential, many locals go to nearby Park Slope to run errands and shop, although the neighborhood has seen increased commercialization due to its recent gentrification.</p><br>
<p>The Ditmas Park Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s, wealthy families purchased the large Victorian homes, but in the past few years, the neighborhood has experienced rapid gentrification, with an influx of young people and artists attracted to the large spaces for relatively cheap rents. An example of this is Cortelyou Road, a commercial street in the neighborhood. Cortelyou enjoys a number of delis, bars, coffee shops, restaurants, the Flatbush Food Co-op, and more upscale restaurants. Cortelyou is also home to many venues, which attracts many local musicians, as well as more well-known artists.</p><br>
<p>In October 2009, Time Out New York named Ditmas Park one of the best neighborhoods in New York City for food. Similar articles praising Ditmas Park for its food have appeared in the New York Times and AM New York.</p><br>
<h3>Associations</h3><br>
<p>The Ditmas Park Association, founded in 1908, hosts social events, publishes a newsletter and a home improvement directory, and works on numerous civic issues, often jointly with its sister neighborhoods and the Flatbush Development Corporation. The Flatbush Development Corporation hosts an annual Victorian Flatbush House Tour.</p><br>
<p>documents important events and openings in the area, as well as a host for discussions and inquiries about the neighborhood.</p><br>
<h3>Transportation</h3><br>
<p>New York City Subway stops in or very near to Ditmas Park are Beverley Road, Cortelyou Road, Newkirk Plaza, and Avenue H. MTA Bus-operated express buses that run through Ditmas Park are the, and local buses are the.</p><br>
<h2>Notable residents</h2><br>
<p>Aaron Dessner (born 1976), of The National</p><br>
<p>Bryce Dessner (born 1976), composer and guitarist</p><br>
<p>Ric Menello (1952-2013), screenwriter and director, co-directed the Beastie Boys&#39; music videos "(You Gotta) Fight for Your Right (To Party!)" and "No Sleep till Brooklyn".</p><br>
<p>Roy Nathanson (born 1951), saxophonist, composer, bandleader who became the leader and principal composer of the Jazz Passengers</p><br>
<p>Tim O&#39;Brien (born 1964), illustrator</p><br>
<p>Ben Smith, editor-in-chief of BuzzFeed</p><br>
<p>Sonja Sohn (born 1964), actress</p><br>
<p>Sufjan Stevens (born 1975), singer-songwriter</p><br>
<p>Michelle Williams (born 1980), actress</p><br>
<p>Gouves  is a town and former municipality in the Heraklion regional unit, Crete, Greece. Since the 2011, local government reform it is part of the municipality Hersonissos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 94.963 km&sup2;. It lies a few kilometers east of Heraklion.</p><br>
<p>Goúves proper is often confused with its busy summer resort, Káto Goúves. Besides this well developed tourist resort with long sandy beaches, the area has some traditional villages and archaeological sites and Eileithyia caves. West of Goúves are the tourist resorts of Kokkíni Háni (also spelled Háni Kokkíni) and Amnísos, both with similar attractions, and, to the east, Crete&#39;s largest resort, Hersonisos.</p><br>
<p>Goúves proper is located about 20 km east of Heraklion. Káto Goúves, just a couple km north of the village, with its long sandy beach, is the summer resort. There is a variety of accommodation, from large hotels to boarding houses and self-catering apartments, and there are many restaurants, bars, nightclubs, and shops.</p><br>
<h2>Main villages in Municipal Unit of Gouves</h2><br>
<h3>Anopoli Village</h3><br>
<p>The village Anopoli is located just some minutes from Kokkini Xani village, 5 km south in the mountains at an altitude of 205 m. Entering the village of Anopoli, visitors will admire its square, Agia Triada church and the war monument Hrwo. The square is made of cobblestones and offers easy access. Within the square stands Hrwo, a war monument on which is carved the names of the fallen heroes of the village from the German invasion in 1940, it is made of marble and stands in the middle of the square as a constant reminder to locals and visitors, of the sacrifices that offer us freedom to this day. It was unveiled in 1981 and since then memorial services as well as wreath laying is made on every national celebration in their honours. Agia Triada was built in 1969 and significant frescoes adorn its inside. A picturesque village that still preserves the tradition of vegera, a tradition that demands almost every night, visitors and locals to feast on traditional dishes under the starry sky, to the sound of traditional music.</p><br>
<h3>Elia Village</h3><br>
<p>Elia village is located just 12 km southeast of Heraklion city, in the inland of Hersonissos Municipality, and just 4.5 km from Kokkini Chani village by the sea. The village is on a small hill, at an altitude of 230 m offering the visitor a magical and unique view. The local population is basically involved in agricultural production, olive oil, wine, grapes, as well as livestock. One of the important points of interest for visitors is the Eileithyia cave, where legend has it that the goddess Hera gave birth to Eileithyia, the goddess of birth. The central square of the village is located at its entrance and during the summer months a number of events take place with feasts, music and dances.</p><br>
<h3>Epano Gouves Village</h3><br>
<p>Epano Gouves village is located on the south side of Gouves village by the north side of Ederi Mountain, just 18 km east of Heraklion city and just 3 km from Gournes village. Access to the village is by the old national road of Heraklion- Lasithi and through a vertical road that runs through the village from one side to the other. The village is known for the characteristic quiet and picturesque atmosphere that in compilation with the traditional cafes, taverns churches and heroic monument combine a beautiful destination. The Agios Ioannis and Agios Georgios churches were built in the 18th century and are decorated with magnificent and enviable frescoes of historical and religious importance; both of them maintain an active role within the community. The main square of the village includes traditional cafes and taverns under the shade of eucalyptus and myrtle trees with a view of the old Town Hall which today is used for local community purposes. Ending with the historical war monument, Hrwo, a shining reminder of the local resistance to the German invasion during WW2 that led to the ultimate sacrifice. The names of the heroes are carved on marble a time lasting material that the monument was made of.</p><br>
<h3>Epano Vatheia</h3><br>
<p>Epano Vatheia village is located in the valley of Vatheianos Kampos, at an altitude of 260 m in the inland of Hersonissos Municipality, just 15 km southeast of Heraklion city. It is a characteristic example of traditional villages in Crete, traditionally built, based on the Cretan culture. Its population is mostly engaged in agricultural production, producing exceptional olive oil, wine and grapes. The main square of the village is decorated with berry trees and poplars that combined with the traditional cafes offer an ideal as well as a vivid atmosphere. During the summer period a number of events and celebrations take place in the square, where locals and visitors celebrate with traditional food, drinks, music and dances.</p><br>
<h3>Gournes Village</h3><br>
<p>Gournes village is by the sea and is located just 15 km east of Heraklion city in the Municipality of Hersonissos. The Town Hall is situated, within the old American Base, also located in the old base is the Crete Aquarium where the visitor can see the underwater flora and fauna of the whole Mediterranean Sea in its facilities. The Exhibition Centre as well as the school cluster of kindergarten, junior high school and high school of the area is within the base limits. The village has an easy and fast access through the old national road of Heraklion- Lasithi and in this main road we find the main church of the village, the Euaggelistria church, where the visitors can admire the enviable frescoes as well as the Hrwo Monument that stand in its yard. A war monument made of marble with all the names of those who gave their lives in the fight against the German invasion during WW2 for freedom, are carved. The coastline is full of traditional taverns and cafes that will fulfill every need of the visitor combined with crystal clear sea and sandy beaches.</p><br>
<h3>Gouves Village</h3><br>
<p>Gouves village is also known as Kato Gouves. It is a village by the sea with a clear tourist orientation; located 18 km east of Heraklion city and just 3 km from Gournes Village. There is easy and fast access to the village by following the old national road of Heraklion- Lasithi and then taking the vertical road that runs across the village as its main road that ends up at its coastline. At the entrance of the village visitors will see the Central Fountain that provides lots of cool and rejuvenating water and also a wide parking area. Alongside in the main road we meet a vast number of local hotel resorts with a range of 5-star hotels to simple room to let facilities that will fulfill every need of accommodation even for the most demanding visitors. Moreover, on the main road a number of local businesses provide clothing, jewellery, gifts shops as well as taverns with delicious cuisine. Ending on the coastline of the village a number of cafes, taverns and clubs will conclude a full spectrum of things to do and places to visit, with a unique atmosphere of both romantic and rejuvenating essence for every visitor to live and experience.</p><br>
<h3>Haraso Village</h3><br>
<p>Haraso village is located southeast of Heraklion city just 27 km from the airport and at an altitude of 388 m, in the inland of Hersonissos Municipality just 10 km south of Gouves village. Locals mainly work in agricultural production and development, and as a result produce exceptional quality olive oil, wine, grapes as well as raisin. The church of Agios Eustathios is outstanding and is known for its magnificent frescoes that decorate its inside and also for the altar that keeps the holy remains of Agios Eustathios. The Eftazimo bread as well as the Capri of the village is known for their relish and the traditional way of making them by the women in the village. A picturesque village, that offers a magical view and a delightful trip to the world of taste for every visitor.</p><br>
<h3>Kalo Chorio Village</h3><br>
<p>Kalo Chorio village is located just 7 km south of Gouves village and 25 km southeast of Heraklion city, in the inland of Hersonissos Municipality. The panoramic view of the village combined with the wild beauty of the site, make it a unique destination. Its square, its traditional cafes, and moreover its old and enviable churches complete the image of a clearly Cretan traditional village. The hospitable locals mostly work on olive oil production; as a result they produce one of the most exceptional quality olive oil products. During summer, visitors can wander in the alleys of the village as well as visit the church of Metamorphosis Sotiros, where they can admire the magnificent frescoes on the inside of the church which date back to the early 19th century.</p><br>
<h3>Karteros Village</h3><br>
<p>Karteros village is located by the sea just 8 km from Heraklion city and is the natural limit of Hersonissos Municipality. A magnificent gorge, which lies across its area, a magical coastline full of crystal clear sea and sandy beaches, and finally the picturesque church of Agios Ioannis and Agios Nikolaos that is literally built in the depths of a huge rock, complete the excursion to Karteros village. The crystal clear water and beautiful beaches are ideal for swimming and sunbathing and complimented by the local taverns and cafes create a unique and relaxed summer destination. The wild beauty of Karteros Gorge will satisfy even the most demanding lovers of nature</p><br>
<h3>Kokkini Chani Village</h3><br>
<p>Kokkini Xani village is by the sea and is located just 14 km from Heraklion city. A close distance from the village we find the Minoan Palace of Nirou Chani. Along the main road of the village visitors can find local super markets, cafes, banquet centres, hotels and night clubs as well as local bakeries and patisserie. Due to the rapid growth of the population of the village, a need for a new church came up in order to fulfill the religious need of locals, so in the middle of the village visitors will see a magnificent work in progress of the new church of Axion Esti, a cruciform domed with two chapels and a triconch sacred, also in its yard we can see the Cultural and Spiritual Centre of the area. On its coastline a number of taverns cafes and hotels will provide visitors with traditional sea food and more, as well as drinks and cocktails. The outstanding view of Dia Island in compliments the nightlife and the local hospitality making this excursion an unforgettable experience for every visitor.</p><br>
<p>The name of the village means “Kokkinis’s Inn". It is taken after an inn that operated here in the early 1900s, by someone called Kokkinis. This inn was popular to the farmers, on the way to the Heraklion market with their olives, grapes and other produce. There they could stop off to rest or spend the night, and have a meal. http://kokkini.info/</p><br>
<h3>Koksari Village</h3><br>
<p>Koksari village is located 23 km southeast of Heraklion city and just 5 km from Gouves village, in the inland of Hersonissos Municipality and at an altitude of 180 m. It is built in the Valley of the Karkania River and it is known for its exceptional quality of olive oil production as well as its unique traditional bakery techniques that are kept alive and untouched to this day by the local women. During the summer time, a number of events take place in the village but the one that stands out is the celebration of Agios Kirikos and Ioulitta on the 15th of July, every year. At this time visitors and locals come together and attend the church ceremony that takes place and after together attend the demonstration of traditional bakery techniques that the local women present. At the end all attending take traditional bread and sweets and move on to the square of the village. Closing the night in the square locals and visitors celebrate with a Cretan traditional feast with local dishes, drinks, music and dance making an unforgettable experience.</p><br>
<h3>Skoteino Village</h3><br>
<p>Skoteino village is located just some minutes south of Gouves village. It is a small village, in the inland of Hersonissos Municipality, with great tradition. One of the most admirable points for visitors is the Agia Paraskeui Cave, which is located near the settlement at an altitude of 220 m. It has a total length of 126 m and the gauge of its rooms ranges between 8–50 m. Visitors will also see there a small outdoor theatre, fountains and points of infinite beauty that will impress everyone during their sightseeing. The small outdoor theatre provides a wonderful view, amphitheatrically built stairs- mantels that are used as seats and a small foyer, where a number of events take place during the summer time.</p><br>
<h3>Vatheianos Kampos Village</h3><br>
<p>Vatheianos Kampos is located 13 km east of Heraklion city and borders Kokkini Chani village. Its area starts at the inland of Hersonissos Municipality and ends at its coastline. In Vatheianos Kampos, visitors can see the church of Agioi Theodoroi and the Kokkevi Bridge. Agioi Theodoroi church was renovated in the 20th century and inside the visitor will observe the outstanding frescoes of Agios Theodoros, Panagia the Vrefokratousa, Pantokratoros and Agios Ioannis the Prodromos. The Kokkevi Bridge is located at an altitude of 11 m and beneath it runs the Batheianos River that starts from the settlement of Batheianos Kampos at an altitude of 190 m and ends at the sea. The traditional taverns and the crystal clear sea and sandy beaches of the area make it an ideal destination for visitors that seek relaxation.</p><br>
<h2>Main Points of Interest in Municipal Unit of Gouves</h2><br>
<h3>Amnisos</h3><br>
<p>Amnísos and its long sandy beach lies about 7 km East of Heraklion city, just beside the airport and in front of the islet of Dia. There is another Minoan villa in the area dating from 1600 B.C., where some frescoes that are now in Heraklion Archaeological Museum were found.</p><br>
<h3>CretAquarium</h3><br>
<p>One of the largest and most modern aquariums in Europe, CretAquarium was founded and operates as part of the HCMR. It is geographically located on the north-western part of the former American Base of Gournes, where together with the premises of the research institutions of HCMR forms THALASSOKOSMOS - the largest centre for marine science and promotion of the Mediterranean sea world. Visit at www.cretaquarium.gr/en</p><br>
<h3>Dia island</h3><br>
<p>Dia island is located 6 miles northeast of Heraklion city. it is a virgin island and the home of seabirds and species associated with coastal cliffs. It is one of the NATURA protected areas, due to its status as biotope for endemic plants. Legend has it that Dia island used to be a colossal sea creature that came close to Crete and then Zeus turned it into stone with a powerful thunderbolt, thus creating the island.</p><br>
<h3>Eileithyia Cave</h3><br>
<p>This cave lies 1 km inland from Amnísos. It was an important sanctuary since Neolithic times. It was dedicated to Eileithyia, a Greek goddess of fertility and childbirth of Cretan origin. The cave is rectangular, 64m long and 9-12m wide. After the entrance there is an antechamber, which leads to a rectangular room surrounded by cylindrical stalagmites which were probably worshipped by the pilgrims. At the cave&#39;s mouth there is a square, known as "The Square of Altars". This courtyard may have been used in ceremonies. The cave remained in use until late Roman times.</p><br>
<h3>Gorge of Karteros</h3><br>
<p>Gorge of Karteros also known as Astrakiano Faragi is located in the Municipal Unit of Gouves and can be entered by Karteros village on the southeast side. It is a destination rich in natural beauty full of flora that only exists in Crete; moreover it is an ideal hiking trail full of ponds and small waterfalls. it will satisfy even the most demanding visitor, offering at the end of the route a frugal structure for visitors to rest.</p><br>
<h3>Kera Eleousa Monastery</h3><br>
<p>One of the most important monasteries in the Municipal Unit of Gouves, located near Voritsi village just some minutes away from Gouves village. A fortress type monastery with significant archaeological ruins. Visitors can admire the church, the monks&#39; cells and the beautiful yard of the monastery as well as experiencing warm hospitality each and every time they visit.</p><br>
<h3>Minoan villa of Kokkíni Háni</h3><br>
<p>The summer resort of Kokkíni Háni lies in Vathiano Kambo, about 13 km East of Heraklion and Northwest of Goúves. At the spot known as Nirou Háni, archaeologists found a well preserved Minoan villa dating from the New Palace period. The villa had two storeys, was about 1000 sq. meters large and had all the typical features of the Minoan architecture: two paved courts, connecting corridors, storage rooms, light wells, shrines, etc. About 40 tripods and huge double axes were found in some rooms, suggesting that the owner of the villa might have been a high priest. Like most of the Minoan buildings, the villa was destroyed by a big fire. The finds from the excavations are now displayed in the Heraklion Archaeological Museum.</p><br>
<h3>Monastery of Saint John Theologos</h3><br>
<p>This monastery (Agios Ioannis Theologos in Greek) lies in a verdant setting Southeast of the village of Anópoli. It used to be part of the Saint George (Agios Giorgios) monastery, which is located to the North, which was abandoned following the frequent pirate raids in the 15th and 16th centuries and all the monks moved to the monastery of Saint John. During the Ottoman occupation of Crete, the monastery hosted Cretan revolutionaries and a secret school, something that lead the Ottomans to destroy it and kill the monks and the people of Anópoli in July 1896. The monastery was founded again some years later.</p><br>
<h3>Skotino Cave</h3><br>
<p>This cave, one of the largest and more impressive among the hundred caves in Crete, is located high on a hill northwest of the village of Skotinó, a few kilometers inland south of Goúves. It is also known as Ayía Paraskevi cave, this name coming from the church built on top of it. The cave is 160m deep and 36m wide. The first archaeologically researches on the site were done by Arthur Evans, the well-known British archaeologist who unearthed and partially restored Knossos in the early 20th century. A more comprehensive exploration was done by French and Greek archaeologists in the 1960s. They found a considerable number of bronze and ceramic votive offerings, the oldest of them dating from the earliest Minoan periods, suggesting the cave was an important sacred shrine dedicated to a female fertility deity, presumably Britomartis. The cave was still used in Classical Greek and Roman eras, when the fertility goddess Artemis or her Roman equivalent Diana replaced the Minoan deity.</p><br>
<p>The Hallidie Building is an office building in the Financial District of San Francisco, California, at 130 Sutter Street, between Montgomery Street and Kearny Street. It was built around 1917-1918 and though credited as the first American building to feature glass curtain walls, it was in fact predated by Louis Curtiss&#39;s Boley Clothing Company building in Kansas City, Missouri, completed in 1909.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by architect Willis Polk and is named in honor of San Francisco cable car pioneer Andrew Smith Hallidie. Currently, it houses the San Francisco chapters of the American Institute of Architects, AIGA, One Medical, Center for Architecture + Design, the US Green Building Council - Northern California Chapter, Charles M. Salter Associates, Inc., and Coordinated Resources, Inc. (CRI).</p><br>
<p>The Hallidie Buildings balconies and fire escapes were deemed unsafe by the City of San Franciscos Department of Building Inspection in August 2010. A two-year restoration of the building was completed in April 2013.</p><br>
<p>St. Mary Cathedral is a cathedral of the Roman Catholic Church in Lansing, Michigan one block north of the Michigan State Capitol. It is the seat of the bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lansing.</p><br>
<p>The style church was designed by E. A. Bond in the Gothic Revival style. Construction began in 1911 and was completed in 1913. The stained glass windows were made in Munich, Germany and installed in 1923. In 1937, the church became the cathedral for the newly formed Diocese of Lansing.</p><br>
<p>In January 1938, a serious fire broke out in the rectory and Bishop Joseph H. Albers, the survivor of a World War I gas attack, collapsed inside the building before he was rescued by firefighters.</p><br>
<p>The church has seen four renovations. The first was in the 1920s which added the stained glass windows, gothic details, and decorative painting behind the altar. The second was in 1954 and removed some of the gothic details in the sanctuary. Another renovation from 1967 to 1968 removed the communion rail, side altars, and stations of the cross and reconfigured many other elements because it was believed that the Second Vatican Council mandated them, but it did not. In a 1986 renovation, many of these elements were restored.</p><br>
<p>Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial is a United States Presidential Memorial, a National Historic Landmark District in present-day Lincoln City, Indiana. It preserves the farm site where Abraham Lincoln lived with his family from 1816 to 1830. During that time, he grew from a 7-year-old boy to a 21-year-old man. His mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln, and at least 27 other settlers were buried here in the Pioneer Cemetery. His sister Sarah Lincoln Grigsby was buried in the nearby Little Pigeon Baptist Church cemetery, across the street at Lincoln State Park.</p><br>
<p>Included in the park is the Lincoln Living Historical Farm. The Lincoln Boyhood Home was named a National Historic Landmark in 1960. In 2005 the site was visited by 147,443 people. On site is a visitors center, featuring a 15-minute orientation film about Lincolns time in Indiana, and museum and memorial halls. The site is located about ten minutes off the Interstate 64/USA 231 junction and near the new USA 231 Route, named the Abraham Lincoln Memorial Parkway in his honor.</p><br>
<h2>Memorial features</h2><br>
<h3>Memorial building</h3><br>
<p>The centerpiece of the memorial is a one-story limestone ashlar memorial building completed in 1945 that features five sculpted panels portraying different phases of Lincolns life. The building has an entrance fee. It has a small theater featuring a 16-minute film about Lincolns life in Indiana. The museum features several exhibits and artifacts related to Lincoln&#39;s life, which are located in an adjoining hall. A private gallery displays Lincoln-related artwork, including numerous portraits and lithographs of Lincoln and his family. The park holds an oil portrait of Nancy Hanks Lincoln, done by an artist long after her death. A chapel and meeting hall can be rented for public weddings and other gatherings.</p><br>
<h3>Historical farm</h3><br>
<p>Nearby is the site of the original Lincoln cabin; the sandstone foundation clearly outlines the boundary of the house and is visible to visitors. Discovered through a professional archeological excavation, it is now preserved and protected by a wall. A very short distance from the original cabin site stands the replica farm house. Park rangers in full period clothing work the 1820s-style farm, making it a living history site. Visitors can talk with them, take classes and learn more about the many activities and items at the farm. The Living Historical Farm is open seasonally, from mid-spring to early fall; it cultivates crops, raises livestock, and uses and displays historic farm implements.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Lincoln in Indiana</h3><br>
<p>Abraham&#39;s father Thomas Lincoln had lost two previous homes in Kentucky, one at the Sinking Spring Farm where Lincoln was born, in part through problems with land titles. Because Kentucky had not had proper land surveys in its early years, many residents were forced off their farms after surveys were completed and land titles were challenged. The Lincolns were one such family: after Thomas had built some economic and social success in Kentucky, he lost everything. In 1815 he went to Indiana to locate a new homestead for his family. He wanted to live in a free state rather than compete with farmers who used slave labor.</p><br>
<p>The family took two weeks in 1816 to move to Spencer County in southern Indiana, settling at the Little Pigeon Creek Community. Lincoln was a talented carpenter who owned better carpentry tools than the average settler. He could build cabins in as little as four days, and was able to have their new home built before the winter began. The next year he built up the homestead, cleared land of trees and rocks before plowing, and planted crops. In early September 1818, some residents started coming down with milk sickness. It was caused by the settlers consuming dairy products or meat of cows that ate the white snakeroot plant, which had the toxin temetrol. Cows often roamed in woods and underbrush, where the white snakeroot grew. Most of those in Little Pigeon Creek with milk sickness became deathly ill, including Abrahams mother, Nancy Hanks Lincoln. She succumbed and died on October 5, 1818. She was buried in a gravesite behind the family cabin next to the Lincolns closest neighbor, Nancy Rusher Brooner. Brooner had also been ill with milk sickness, was nursed by Nancy Lincoln, and died two weeks before on September 18. Nancys maternal aunt and uncle, Elizabeth and Thomas Sparrow, with whom she had grown up, also died of the illness and were buried nearby, at what became known as Pioneer Cemetery. A minister could not reach the frontier settlement until the following spring, when he conducted a funeral service for all of the dead.</p><br>
<p>Following his mothers death, young Abraham Lincoln continued to work on the farm and was cared for by his older sister Sarah. In 1819 their father married Sarah Bush Johnston, a widow of Elizabethtown, Kentucky whom he had known from the years there. She had three children, all of whom came with her to share the Lincoln cabin. Abraham shared the cabins loft with his step brother John Johnston and his cousin Dennis Hanks for the rest of his time in Indiana. Sarah treated the Lincoln children as her own, and Abraham grew especially close to her. Early on, the Lincoln family had joined the nearby Little Pigeon Creek Primitive Baptist Church, where Thomas served as a trustee and Abraham briefly as a sexton. The church is preserved in the Lincoln State Park.</p><br>
<p>In November 1819, the areas first school was opened by Andrew Crawford, and at age 10, Abraham attended a school for the first time, at a cost of two dollars per year. He was a student there for two school years, which were three-month intervals held during the winter months when the children were not needed for farming. In 1822 the Lincolns enrolled the boy in a new school taught by James Swaney. As it was more than 4 mi away and Abraham had to walk there, his attendance was poor. In 1824 he was transferred to another school closer to home, which he attended until age 16, when he ended formal schooling. In January 1826, Abrahams only sister Sarah died during the birth of her first child, who was stillborn. She was buried in the Little Pigeon Creek Primitive Baptist Church cemetery.</p><br>
<p>As he grew, Abraham began taking outside jobs, often working for twenty-five cents a day clearing land, plowing fields, and building fences. When he was not working, he spent a great deal of time at the James Gentry General Store and the two nearby grain mills in the small town, where he liked to tell stories and listen to those of older men. He also read widely and borrowed books from anyone who would lend them. During his several trips into the county seat of Rockport, Abraham became acquainted with the lawyers John Pitcher and John Breckenridge, who inspired his interest in the law. Later he followed that profession. During this period, he made his first trip with the businessman Allen Gentry by flatboat down to New Orleans to sell produce and bring home supplies. He earned eight dollars from the trip. It is traditionally believed that this was when he first saw a slave market. From his experiences and the influences of the anti-slavery men in Indiana and locally, Abraham began to form his opinions against slavery. After fourteen years in southern Indiana, in March 1830, Thomas Lincoln moved his family to central Illinois.</p><br>
<h3>Making the memorial</h3><br>
<p>The site attracted little attention as a link to Lincoln&#39;s past until 1879, during a period of increased activity in the North and the South of memorializing following the American Civil War. When researchers located the grave of Nancy Hanks, Peter Evans Studebaker (of the South Bend, Indiana Studebaker Brothers Manufacturing Company) arranged for a headstone to be placed at the site. For decades, local groups tried to gain recognition for the site as one of historical importance. In 1917 they located the foundation of the cabin and officially marked it on April 28.</p><br>
<p>In 1927 the Indiana Lincoln Union was formed to raise funds and encourage support for a memorial to recognize Lincolns years in the Hoosier state. In 1932 the state established the adjacent Lincoln State Park to protect the area and preserve the historic homestead site. The state transferred part of that area to the memorial district, including the grave site of Nancy Lincoln (and what was found to be 29 other graves), now included in what is called Pioneer Cemetery. The Union continued to raise funds to make improvements to the site in the 1930s and 1940s, during the Great Depression and World War II. It completed construction of the Memorial building in 1944. It has five bas-relief panels portraying different periods of Lincolns life, designed by sculptor Elmer Daniels. (See photos below in gallery.)</p><br>
<p>In 1962 the Indiana legislature approved donating another 114 acre to the district and the Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial was created. The USA Congress authorized the National Memorial on February 19, 1962, placing it under the National Park Service. The memorial district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, on October 15, 1966. In 1968 the NPS created the Living Historical Farm after "meticulous research" about the period, to help visitors better understand the lives of Lincoln, his family and neighbors during the frontier years in the area.</p><br>
<p>The Landers Theatre in Springfield, Missouri, built in 1909, is the second oldest and largest civic theater operation in Missouri. It has been in continuous use either as a legitimate theatre or a movie theater since it opened. In 1928, the theater became the 35th facility in the world to acquire sound film. It was designed by architects Carl Boller and Brother in association with Hickenlively and Mark of Springfield in a French-influenced neoclassical style. It is located in the Walnut Street Commercial Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The theater is unusual in its use of wood for nearly all structural framing, in contrast with the steel and cast iron more usually employed in its time. D.J. Landers, the original owner, was in the lumber business, providing a possible explanation. Where steel is employed, it uses unusual bonded steel and masonry assemblies. The theater was designed for live performance, with a large stage and supporting spaces.</p><br>
<p>The theater&#39;s street facade employs Missouri limestone piers with terra cotta cornices, cartouches, quoins and parapets. Infill between these decorative elements is brick.</p><br>
<p>A fire in 1920 completely gutted the stage area, but the remainder was saved by the fireproof asbestos curtain. Subsequent renovations moved the orchestra pit behind the curtain and raised the boxes. Heavy clear-span beams replaced columns supporting the balconies, and the Jim Crow-era ticket booth for "coloreds" and its separate entrance were removed.</p><br>
<p>From March 17&ndash;September 22, 1961, NBC-TV carried a live country music variety program from the theater, Five Star Jubilee, on Friday nights; the first network color television series to originate outside of New York City or Hollywood. First-run films continued to be shown on the other six nights of the week.</p><br>
<p>Landers was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, significant for the preserved Baroque Renaissance, Napoleon architectural style. A number of major restoration projects have been undertaken, and the most recent restorations have been cited with awards from the American Institute of Architects.</p><br>
<p>It is currently the home of the Springfield Little Theatre.</p><br>
<p>Knob Creek Farm has been a noncontinuous section of the Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park since 2001; prior to that date it was privately owned. From 1811 to 1816, it was the childhood homestead of the future President of the United States Abraham Lincoln, who said it was his "earliest recollection". The site consists of four buildings, two of which are historical in nature.</p><br>
<p>The total acreage of Knob Creek Farm is 228 acre, of which the Lincolns lived on 30 acre. Lincolns father Thomas Lincoln did not actually own the farm; he leased the land by the Old Cumberland Trail (now USA 31E) in hopes of regaining the Sinking Spring Farm, where Lincoln was born. It was on this site that Lincolns brother, Thomas, was born and died. Lincoln himself almost died at the farm as well, nearly drowning at the adjacent Knob Creek until neighbor and friend Austin Gollaher extended a branch to rescue him from the swollen creek.</p><br>
<p>The two historical buildings at the location are the Lincoln Tavern and the Gollaher Cabin. The Tavern was built in 1933 at the cost of $4,200; the 1.5 floor structure was constructed of logs and concrete in an asymmetrical plan. The Gollaher Cabin was built around the year 1800, and moved to its present location to reflect what the Lincoln cabin would look like. It is the cabin Austin Gollahers family lived in during Lincolns stay at Knob Creek Farm. The tavern was built to cash in on the booming tourist trade that came to LaRue County to see sites connected with Lincoln, much as the Nancy Lincoln Inn was. It was originally a dance hall that served liquor, but when LaRue County became "dry," it was converted to a museum and gift shop, as it remains to the present day. During the 1980s, 20,000 annually visited the complex.</p><br>
<p>The farm was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 16, 1988, due to its role in tourism in LaRue County, Kentucky, and for its connections with Abraham Lincoln. More detail on the history and specifics of the site are covered in a 2006 NPS report.</p><br>
<p>File:Lincoln Knob Creek Creek.JPGKnob Creek</p><br>
<p>File:Lincoln Knob Creek Tavern 2.JPGKnob Creek Tavern</p><br>
<p>File:Lincoln Knob Creek Tavern.JPGSouth view of tavern</p><br>
<p>File:Lincoln Knob Creek Tavern back.JPGBack view of tavern</p><br>
<p>Monte Cinto  is the highest mountain on the island of Corsica, a région of France.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The elevation of the mountain is 2,706 m (8,878 ft.) and so is its prominence, making it one of the most prominent peaks in Europe.</p><br>
<p>Its location gives it a theoretical panorama of mountains on mainland Europe stretching from near Marseille to Rome. The most distant mountain theoretically visible is Monte Rosa in Switzerland, just west of north, approximately 405 km away.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first known ascent of Monte Cinto was on 6 June 1882, by a party led by Édouard Rochat who reached the summit via the mountains southern slopes. On 26 May 1883 a party led by the English mountaineer Francis Fox Tuckett, and including the guide F. Devouassoud and the landscape painter Compton, also ascended the mountain by the pass that now bears Tucketts name.</p><br>
<p>The Mormon Mountains are located in Lincoln and Clark counties in Nevada, The highest point in the range is Mormon Peak, at 7,414 ft above sea level. Another smaller mountain range lies to the east, called the East Mormon Mountains. The south fork of the Toquop Wash drains the east side of the range and continues on through the N–S linear ridge of the East Mormon Mountains.</p><br>
<p>The mountains fall under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and cover approximately 175 square miles. The Mormon Mountains are home to several different species of lizards, and ground snakes, toads and bullfrogs can be found in the region. The lower elevations of the range are mostly shrublands, but at higher elevations one can find "pygmy conifers" and single-leaf pinyon pines, in the Pinyon-juniper woodland plant community.</p><br>
<p>The area is characterized by very low rainfall, receiving less than 15 in per year, on average.</p><br>
<h2>Mormon Mountains Wilderness</h2><br>
<p>As part of the Lincoln County Conservation, Recreation, and Development Act signed into law on 30 November 2004, 157,716 acre in the area were designated as wilderness. The wilderness is managed by the BLM through their Ely District office.</p><br>
<p>Greystone Mansion, also known as the Doheny Mansion, is a Tudor Revival mansion on a landscaped estate with distinctive formal English gardens, located in Beverly Hills, California, United States. Architect Gordon Kaufmann designed the residence and ancillary structures, and construction was completed in 1928. The estate was a gift from oil tycoon Edward L. Doheny to his son, Edward "Ned" Doheny, Jr., and his family. Following the purchase of the estate by the city of Beverly Hills in 1965, the property became a city park in 1971 and was subsequently added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 as Doheny Estate/Greystone. The house and grounds are often used in filmmaking and television production. The house&#39;s descending staircase is one of the most famous sets in Hollywood.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The 55-room, Tudor-style former residence, 46,000 ft&sup2, is situated on 16 acres (6.5 ha) of land. At the time it was built, it cost over $4 million and was the most expensive home built in California up to that time.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>On February 16, 1929, four months after Ned Doheny, his wife Lucy and their five children moved into Greystone, Ned died in a guest bedroom in a murder-suicide with his secretary, Hugh Plunket. The official story indicated Plunket murdered Ned either because of a "nervous disorder" or inflamed with anger over not receiving a raise. Others point out that Neds gun was the murder weapon and that Ned was not buried in Los Angeles Calvary Cemetery, a Catholic cemetery, with the rest of his family, indicating that he had committed suicide. Both men are buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, within a few hundred yards of each other. Both were involved in the trial of Ned&#39;s father in the Teapot Dome scandal.</p><br>
<p>Ned&#39;s widow, Lucy, remarried and lived in the house until 1955, whereupon she sold the grounds to Paul Trousdale, who developed it into Trousdale Estates, and the mansion to Chicago industrialist Henry Crown, who rented the estate to film studios. In 1963, Crown planned to subdivide the property and demolish the mansion. Beverly Hills stopped the demolition by purchasing the mansion in 1965. The estate became a city park on September 16, 1971, and on April 23, 1976 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The city leased the mansion to the American Film Institute, from 1965 to 1982, for $1 per year, hoping to get repair and upkeep work from the institute.</p><br>
<p>Since 2002 The City of Beverly Hills has maintained a Web page for the Greystone Mansion park. In addition to the city&#39;s restoration efforts, many local volunteers have been contributing to fundraising and restoration of the park, most notably the Friends of Greystone, who organize various showcase and garden events annually.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>Greystone is now a public park, and is also used as a location for special events, including the Beverly Hills Flower & Garden Festival. The estate is popular as a filming location due to its beauty, manicured grounds and Beverly Hills location. Some productions contribute to the upkeep and renovation of the mansion. The 2007 film There Will Be Blood, loosely based on the life of Edward Doheny via the Upton Sinclair book Oil!, renovated the downstairs two lane bowling alley to include it in the film.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the numerous events that take place at Greystone, the mansion plays host each year to Catskills West, a theater arts and drama camp run by Beverly Hills Parks and Recreation, from mid June to early August. The camp presents a play in the pool area twice during the summer. The mansion is also used for performances of the play The Manor written by Kathrine Bates, directed by Beverly Olevin and produced by Theatre 40 of Beverly Hills. The Manor takes place in a number of different rooms of the mansion. The audience is separated at certain times during the play to watch some scenes in a different order. The plot of The Manor is a fictionalized account of the Doheny family, involving Dohenys involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal and his sons murder. The Manor has been performed every year at Greystone Mansion since 2002; it opens again in January, and 2016 marks a run of 14 consecutive years, making it one of Los Angeles&#39; longest-running plays.</p><br>
<p>Greystone Mansion is also the location of "The Annual Hollywood Ball", where hundreds of celebrities gather each year for a grand fashion show, dinner and auction to raise money for the Pure Foundation, helping children in need around the globe. The million-dollar gathering also includes live performances by leading artists. Since 2010, an annual Concours d&#39;Elegance car show has been held at the Greystone Mansion.</p><br>
<h2>Shot on location</h2><br>
<p>Alias (Season 5 Episode 12 "There&#39;s Only One Sydney Bristow")</p><br>
<p>All of Me</p><br>
<p>Arrow (TV series) Queen family&#39;s Mansion. Season 1 and 2.)</p><br>
<p>Austin Powers in Goldmember</p><br>
<p>The Amazing Race 17 (final pitstop and finish line in Season 17 Episode 12: "Hi. Im Sorry. Im in a Race")</p><br>
<p>Bare Essence (used as the Marshalls&#39; mansion)</p><br>
<p>Batman & Robin</p><br>
<p>The Beautician and the Beast</p><br>
<p>The Big Lebowski</p><br>
<p>The Bold and the Beautiful</p><br>
<p>The Bodyguard</p><br>
<p>Columbo (Season 2 Episode 4 "Dagger of the Mind")</p><br>
<p>Dark Mansions (1986 film)</p><br>
<p>Dark Shadows (1991 TV series) (used as Collinwood, the Collins family&#39;s mansion and estate)</p><br>
<p>The Day Mars Invaded Earth (1963 film)</p><br>
<p>Dead Ringer</p><br>
<p>Death Becomes Her</p><br>
<p>The Dirty Dozen</p><br>
<p>The Disorderly Orderly (Jerry Lewis)</p><br>
<p>Dollhouse (Season 1 Episode 10 "Haunted")</p><br>
<p>Dynasty: The Reunion</p><br>
<p>Entourage (Season 4 Episode 10 "Snow Job")</p><br>
<p>Eraserhead</p><br>
<p>Falcon Crest (Season 9 Episode 6 "God of the Grape")</p><br>
<p>Flowers in the Attic</p><br>
<p>Forever Amber</p><br>
<p>Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties</p><br>
<p>Ghostbusters II</p><br>
<p>Gilmore Girls (used as Chilton Academy, a prestigious preparatory school)</p><br>
<p>Golden Child, The</p><br>
<p>"Hard to Kill"</p><br>
<p>"Id Do Anything for Love (But I Wont Do That)" (music video by Meatloaf)</p><br>
<p>Indecent Proposal</p><br>
<p>The Inheritance (1997)</p><br>
<p>"It&#39;s Like That" (Mariah Carey music video)</p><br>
<p>"I Want Love" (Elton John music video)</p><br>
<p>Jumpin&#39; Jack Flash (film)</p><br>
<p>”Hart to Hart” (Season 3 Episode 15)</p><br>
<p>Knight Rider (Season 1 Episode 1 "Knight of the Phoenix")</p><br>
<p>The Last Tycoon</p><br>
<p>The Loved One</p><br>
<p>Maryjane</p><br>
<p>MacGyver (Season 1 Episode 12 Deathlock)</p><br>
<p>Mercury Rising</p><br>
<p>The Mentalist (Season 1 Episode 21 Miss Red)</p><br>
<p>The Muppets (film) (Kermit&#39;s mansion)</p><br>
<p>Murder, She Wrote (Season 2 Episode 6 Reflections of the Mind & Season 3 Episode 4 One White Rose for Death)</p><br>
<p>National Treasure: Book of Secrets (Benjamin Gates and Abigail Chases mansion. Seen when Conner, Abigails date, drives her up to the front door, filmed in the courtyard of the Mansion)</p><br>
<p>NCIS (TV series) (Season 8 Episode 17, Leona Phelps&#39; mansion)</p><br>
<p>Phantom of the Paradise</p><br>
<p>Picture Mommy Dead</p><br>
<p>The Prestige</p><br>
<p>The Puppet Masters</p><br>
<p>Remington Steele (Season 3 Episode "Blue Blooded Steele")</p><br>
<p>Revenge (TV series)</p><br>
<p>Rock Star</p><br>
<p>Rush Hour</p><br>
<p>The Social Network</p><br>
<p>Simply Mad About the Mouse (used for "The Bare Necessities" music video with Harry Connick, Jr.)</p><br>
<p>Spider-Man</p><br>
<p>Spider-Man 2</p><br>
<p>Spider-Man 3</p><br>
<p>Star Trek Into Darkness</p><br>
<p>Stripes (outside courtyard)</p><br>
<p>There Will Be Blood</p><br>
<p>The Trouble with Angels (various outside shots)</p><br>
<p>The Vampire Diaries (promotional photoshoot)</p><br>
<p>"We Belong Together" (Mariah Carey music video)</p><br>
<p>What Women Want (Lauren Holly&#39;s wedding site)</p><br>
<p>Winter Kills</p><br>
<p>The Witches of Eastwick</p><br>
<p>X-Men</p><br>
<p>The Young and the Restless</p><br>
<p>The Shoshone Mountains, in west central Nevada, make up one of the longest mountain ranges in the state. The range runs in a general north-south direction in Nye and Lander counties. The range has a length of about 66 mi and a width of about 6 mi with an area of approximately 400 square miles.</p><br>
<p>Named for the Shoshone Indians, the range receives 15 inches or less of precipitation in an average year. About 58% of the mountain range is managed by the Bureau of Land Management, with the Forest Service in charge of almost 42% of the area. A small part of the range is occupied by the Yomba Indian Reservation and private land.</p><br>
<p>The small community of Ione lies to the west of the range, and the Berlin-Ichthyosaur State Park is situated in the west margin of the range adjacent to Ione Valley just south of the Berlin ghost town. The old mining camp and ghost town of Golden is at the southern end of the range. US Highway 50 crosses the extreme north end of the range just south of Mount Airy and 16 mi west of Austin. Nevada Route 722 crosses the range at Railroad Pass just north of Iron Mountain after crossing the Reese River Valley southwest from US 50 near Austin. It then continues in the Smith Creek Valley parallel to the range for 13 miles before turning west to rejoin US 50 near Middlegate across the Destoya Range. Nevada Route 844 crosses the Paradise Range northeast of Gabbs and crosses the Ione Valley to the Berlin-Ichthyosaur State Park area.</p><br>
<p>Basins or valleys surrounding the range include the Ione Valley and the Smith Creek Valley on the west, the Reese River Valley to the east and the Big Smokey Valley to the south. Surrounding mountain ranges include the Toiyabe Range to the east, the Ravenswood and New Pass ranges to the north, the Desatoya and Paradise ranges to the west and the Cedar Mountains of Mineral County to the southwest.</p><br>
<p>Named peaks in the range include from south to north:</p><br>
<p>Mount Ardivey 2,867 m</p><br>
<p>Buffalo Mountain 2,754 m</p><br>
<p>South Shoshone Peak 3,067 m</p><br>
<p>North Shoshone Peak 3,143 m</p><br>
<p>Iron Mountain 2,371 m</p><br>
<p>Emigrant Peak 2,392 m</p><br>
<p>Mount Airy 2,320 m</p><br>
<h2>Ecology</h2><br>
<p>Vegetation is mostly sagebrush scrub and pinon-juniper. The Shoshone Mountains are home to mule deer, chipmunks, coyote, elk, and many other small animals such as shrews and squirrels. At least 21 species of birds can be found in the range during the year, including sparrows, woodpeckers and orioles.</p><br>
<p>The Temperance Fountain is a fountain and statue located in Washington, D.C., donated to the city in 1882 by Henry D. Cogswell, a dentist from San Francisco, California, who was a crusader in the temperance movement.</p><br>
<p>This fountain was one of a series of temperance fountains he designed and commissioned in a belief that easy access to cool drinking water would keep people from consuming alcoholic beverages.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The fountain has four stone columns supporting a canopy on whose sides the words "Faith," "Hope," "Charity," and "Temperance" are chiseled. Atop this canopy is a life-sized heron, and the centerpiece is a pair of entwined heraldic scaly dolphins. Originally, visitors were supposed to freely drink ice water flowing from the dolphins&#39; snouts with a brass cup attached to the fountain and the overflow was collected by a trough for horses, but the city tired of having to replenish the ice in a reservoir underneath the base and disconnected the supply pipes.</p><br>
<p>The inscription reads:</p><br>
<p>(Base of fish:)</p><br>
<p>PRESENTED BY</p><br>
<p>DR. HENRY D. COGSWELL</p><br>
<p>OF SAN FRANCISCO CAL</p><br>
<p>(Top of temple:)</p><br>
<p>TEMPERANCE</p><br>
<p>FAITH</p><br>
<p>HOPE</p><br>
<p>CHARITY</p><br>
<p>Inscription on Temperance Fountain - Washington DC - 2013-06-09 (9009864733).jpgInscription</p><br>
<p>Crane atop Temperance Fountain Wash DC.jpgCrane atop the fountain</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The Temperance Fountain was originally placed at a prominent location: Seventh and Pennsylvania Avenue, across from Center Market and near to "Hooker&#39;s Division" (now the Federal Triangle). The message was to drink water, not whiskey, as there were so many saloons along the Avenue to tempt passersby. This was near the halfway point between the Capitol and White House. For many years after National Prohibition, it ironically sat in front of the Apex Liquor Store, which operated in the ground floor of the Central National Bank Building.</p><br>
<p>In 1987, it was relocated about 100 feet north during the renewal by the Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation, since the statue was regarded as undesirable from the start. The PADC created Indiana Plaza, and the Temperance Fountain swapped locations with the monument to the Grand Army of the Republic, which was considered historically more significant.</p><br>
<p>Today the fountain sits at the corner of Seventh Street and Indiana Avenue, NW, across from the National Archives and Navy Memorial, where thousands of tourists and workers walk past daily without noticing it. The Temperance Fountain has been called "the city&#39;s ugliest statue". The late NBC correspondent Bryson Rash, writing in Footnote Washington, a 1981 book of capital lore, reported that "these unusual and awkward structures spurred the movement across the country for city fine arts commissions to screen such gifts" prior to funding. In April 1945, Sen. Sheridan Downey of California introduced a Senate resolution to remove the fountain, but, preoccupied with World War II, Congress ignored the resolution and it died in committee.</p><br>
<h2>Upkeep</h2><br>
<p>The fountain is also the source of the name for the Cogswell Society, a small group of Washington professionals who have taken it upon themselves to take care of the fountain.</p><br>
<p>In 1984, it was placed on the Downtown Historic District National Register #84003901.</p><br>
<h2>Other Cogswell fountains</h2><br>
<p>Cogswell&#39;s fountains can be found in Washington, D.C., Tompkins Square Park New York City, Washington Square, San Francisco and Rockville, Connecticut.</p><br>
<p>Other examples were erected and then torn down at: Buffalo, Rochester, Boston Common, Fall River, Massachusetts, Pacific Grove, California, and San Francisco (California and Market Streets).</p><br>
<p>Lake Gairdner is a large endorheic salt lake in the Australian state of South Australia, to the north of the Eyre Peninsula. When in flood, the lake is considered the third largest salt lake in Australia.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Lake Gairdner is located about 440 km northwest of the state capital of Adelaide and about 150 km northwest of Port Augusta in the foothills on the northern side of the Gawler Ranges and to the west of Lake Torrens.</p><br>
<p>The lake is over 160 km long and 48 km across with salt over 1.2 m thick in some places.</p><br>
<p>Lake Gairdner was named by the Governor of South Australia, Richard MacDonnell in October 1857 after Gordon Gairdner, a Chief Clerk of the Australian Department in the Colonial Office.</p><br>
<p>Lake Gairdner along with Lake Everard and Lake Harris form the extent of the Lake Gairdner National Park. The lakes were all once part of an inland sea that stretched all the way to the Gulf of Carpentaria.</p><br>
<p>Six ephemeral creeks feed the lake including Garden Well Creek, Gorge Creek and Yeltabinna Creek.</p><br>
<p>The land occupying the extent of Lake Gairdner was gazetted as a locality by the Government of South Australia on 26 April 2013 under the name Lake Gairdner.</p><br>
<h2>Salt Lake Racing</h2><br>
<p>It has been a site for various land speed record attempts on its salt flats and is currently the location for the annual Speed Week event run by the Dry Lakes Racers Australia.</p><br>
<p>The Big Smoky Valley is a landform of the Tonopah Basin between the Toiyabe and Toquima mountain ranges. It is about 100 miles  in length, and is known by other names : including Great Smoky Valley, Smokey Valley, Smoky Valley, Wen-A-No-Nu-Fee Valley, and Won-A-No-Nu-Fee Valley. The USA Geological Survey usually refers to it as "Big Smoky Valley," but the chamber of commerce in the valley calls itself the Greater Smoky Valley Chamber of Commerce.</p><br>
<p>Approximately 2,500 people live in the valley, which has seven small communities. There is an open-pit gold mine at the southern end of the valley, and local industry includes mining, agriculture, and ranching. The valley traverses three counties: Esmeralda, Nye, and Lander. Average yearly precipitation in most of the valley is less than 10 in. The North and South Twin Rivers flow into the Big Smoky Valley&mdash;the latter at an elevation of 6,401 ft&mdash;and the water is completely diverted except during periods of high flow.</p><br>
<p>Boaz Island, formerly known as Gate&#39;s Island or Yates Island, is one of the six main islands of Bermuda. It is part of a chain of islands in the west of the country that make up Sandys Parish, lying between the larger Ireland Island and Somerset Island, and is connected to both by bridges. Its east coast forms part of the edge of the Great Sound. Boaz Island was part of the Royal Naval base, which included the HM Dockyard on Ireland Island. From 1939, Boaz Island was used as a Royal Naval Air Station. Its primary role was the servicing, repair and replacement of spotter floatplanes and flying boats belonging to naval vessels. Early in the Second World War, with no other units to fill the role, aeroplanes from Boaz Island were used to maintain anti-submarine air patrols, using whatever aircrew were on hand, including pilots from the Bermuda Flying School on Darrell&#39;s Island. All that remains of the Fleet Air Arm facility today is a hangar on runway road, and two slips.</p><br>
<p>Lake Chūzenji is a scenic lake in Nikkō National Park in the city of Nikkō, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. It was created 20,000 years ago when Mount Nantai  erupted and blocked the river.</p><br>
<p>The lake has a surface area of 11.62 km² and a circumference of 25 km. Its elevation at the surface is 1,269 m (4,124 ft), and the water reaches a depth of 163 m (508 ft). The Yukawa is the principal source of water. It drains through the Kegon Falls.</p><br>
<p>Chuzenji Lake was discovered in 782 by a priest named Shōdō when his group succeeded in climbing Mt. Nantai. Considered sacred, the mountain was closed to women, horses, and cows until 1872. In the middle of the Meiji period and early Showa period, many European embassies built vacation houses around the lake. The former Italian villa has been renewed and is now open to visitors. Other sites around the lake include Futara Shrine built in 790, Chuzenji Temple, and Kegon Falls.</p><br>
<p>In spring, cherry blossoms are blooming. In summer, people can escape the heat and enjoy bird watching and hiking. In fall of course, there are the famous beautiful autumn leaves and in winter there is the Snow and Ice Festival, plus winter sports like skiing and skating.</p><br>
<p>The lake was a favourite summer haunt of Sir Ernest Satow when he was Britain&#39;s envoy in Japan, 1895-1900 as his diaries of that time attest. He constructed a house by the lake which was used as a villa by the British Embassy for over a century.</p><br>
<h2>Sources</h2><br>
<p>Encyclopædia Britannica, accessed on September 20, 2009</p><br>
<p>The Diaries of Sir Ernest Satow, British Minister in Tokyo (1895-1900), edited by Ian Ruxton, lulu.com, 2003</p><br>
<p>Union Island is part of the nation of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. It has a surface of 9 km² and lies about 200 km west-southwest of Barbados and is within view of the islands of Carriacou and the mainland of Grenada, which lie directly south.</p><br>
<p>Clifton and Ashton are the two principal towns. The island is home to just under 3,000 residents. The official language is English, but French and German are spoken by some merchants in Clifton as well.</p><br>
<p>The island has an international airport that has domestic flights to Saint Vincent and some of the Grenadines and international flights to Barbados, Carriacou, Grenada and Martinique.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Due to its volcanic silhouette, it is also called the Tahiti of the West Indies. The island is approximately 3 mi long and 1 mi wide. Surrounding islands are Tobago Cays, Mayreau, Palm Island, and Petit Saint Vincent. The highest peak is Mount Taboi - 999 ft above sea level.</p><br>
<p>Union Island has a semi-arid climate – its hills are not high enough to produce the rainfall that transforms Grenada&#39;s northern coastal areas into rainforest. During the dry season, December/January through June, the only source of water on the island is the water stored during the rainy season (June–December).</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>After the original settlers, Arawak and Caribs, the island has been in the possession of French and English slave traders and plantation owners. They brought hundreds of Africans to the island, mostly from regions of Africa that are now Nigeria, Cameroon, Angola, and Ghana. Sea Island Cotton was an important export crop – Sea Island cotton trees may still be found on the island — a good example can be found in the Bougainvillia complex beside the Anchorage Yacht Club in Clifton Harbour.</p><br>
<p>When slavery was abolished, people still relied on farming and fishing. As a result, a lot of men went to sea to work on freighters to support their families. Union Island was the centre of some political unrest in the late 1970s when a group of residents were in favour of secession from Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and merger with southern neighbour Grenada. The insurrection was put down by forces of the Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Government.</p><br>
<p>The USA Army Corps of Engineers spent much of a year working on Union Island and completed a new Coast Guard Jetty and shore office at the mouth of Clifton Harbour.</p><br>
<h2>Economy</h2><br>
<p>Today the yacht services business and tourist day-chartering business provides a lot of jobs, there are numerous boutiques and supermarkets, bars and restaurants, internet cafes and a dive operator.</p><br>
<p>There are several hotels and guest houses on Union Island, as well as schools, churches and a small health clinic.</p><br>
<p>The official currency is the Eastern Caribbean Dollar (EC), though USA dollars and Euros are widely accepted.</p><br>
<p>Telecommunications services are provided by Cable & Wireless which offers landline and wireless services (GSM). Digicel offers competing wireless services, including the network formerly operated by AT&T Wireless/Cingular. High Speed Internet services are provided by Cable and Wireless (512 kbit/s down, 128 kbit/s up). The island is connected to the Saint Vincent mainland by a series of digital microwave towers (through connections to neighbouring islands of Canouan and Bequia).</p><br>
<p>WiFi service in the harbour is offered through Internet Cafe-Clifton. Also through HotHotHot Spot, a service offered in Union through Erika&#39;s Marine Services, is also offered in Bequia in the Grenadines, as well as Dominica and Antigua (both Falmouth and English Harbours and Jolly Harbour). Other computer and electronic support is also offered by The Internet Cafe — Clifton.</p><br>
<p>Local piers and docks earn money by renting their open space to tourists who have chartered sailboats or yachts, charging them by boat length.</p><br>
<p>In the middle of Clifton harbour sits Happy Island, a man-made island featuring a bar.</p><br>
<p>Ferry services operate between Clifton and Saint Vincent, Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday on the MS Barracouda and the MS Gemstar.</p><br>
<p>Ferry services also operate bi-weekly between Ashton and Hillsborough, Carriacou (Grenada) on Mondays and Thursdays.</p><br>
<h2>Fauna</h2><br>
<p>The common opossum, locally known as "manicou", can usually only be seen at the end of the dry season.</p><br>
<p>Common Caribbean birds like the bananaquit are found on the island, as is the ubiquitous blackbird. A recent book (2006) on the fauna of Mustique, a neighbouring island, is an excellent reference.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>The tourism industry plays an increasing role in Union Island&#39;s economy. A large number of yachts visit the island each year, often on their way to the nearby Tobago Cays.</p><br>
<p>There are a number of local guest houses, including St. Joseph&#39;s Roman Catholic Church, the Anchorage Yacht Club, and a small hotel at the Bougainvilla in Clifton.</p><br>
<p>Turtle Watch is conducted by the Union Island Environmental Attackers (UIEA), a local environmental NGO that works to preserve the clean environment on Union Island. Turtle Watching is done during the Turtle Closed Season, which runs from March 1 to July 31. The Closed Season is the period in which the catching or killing of turtles for consumption is forbidden.</p><br>
<p>There are also a number of bars and restaurants on the island.</p><br>
<p>A key feature of the Union Island region is the Tobago Cays National Marine Park. The Tobago Cays are a group of small, uninhabited islands surrounded by reefs. Snorkeling, scuba diving and swimming with sea turtles are offered.</p><br>
<p>The Union Island Sailing Club sponsors two sailing dinghies that participate in local regattae. The Club is trying to help Unionites rediscover the sailing skills of earlier generations.</p><br>
<p>In recent years Union Island&#39;s tourism industry has suffered from a spate of crime against tourists and scam artists. Although the island benefits from a tight-knit community no longer found in most parts of the Caribbean and any crimes tend to be petty theft.</p><br>
<h2>Culture</h2><br>
<p>Easter is a big event on Union Island. Festivities take place in both Ashton and Clifton throughout Holy Week in a festival called "Easterval."</p><br>
<p>In late May, at the end of the dry season, a significant event is "the Maroon", a celebration which is a day-long affair beginning before dawn and lasting late into the night. The Maroon is known for its drums, dancing and plentiful food. These are meant to entice the Gods to bring on the rains.</p><br>
<p>Namik Glacier is situated in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand state in India. The glacier is situated on the Kumaon Himalayas at an altitude of 3,600 m. This glacier is the source of the Ramganga River. The glacier is surrounded by the following peaks: Nanda Devi 7,848 m, Nanda Kot 6,861 m, and Trishuli 7,120 m. The glacier falls on ancient Indo-Tibet trade route. It is 23 km trekking from Liti and situated at the villages of Gogina and Namik. There are a number of waterfalls and sulphur springs originating around this glacier. The glacier can be reached by trekking from gogina on the sama liti Road near. It is 63 km from Bageshwar. Jeeps can be hired from Bageshwar or Kapkot up to Gogina. Namik means a place where saline water springs are present.</p><br>
<p>Lafayette High School is the oldest public school in Buffalo that remains in its original building; a stone, brick and terra-cotta structure in the French Renaissance Revival style, by architects August Esenwein and James A. Johnson. Although classes began off-site during construction of the school, the building was completed, and graduated its first class, in 1903. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It is located in Buffalo&#39;s Upper West Side at 370 Lafayette Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The name Lafayette High School is currently being phased out, and will be replaced by Lafayette International High School and Newcomers Academy. Classes will continue to be held in the historic building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Lafayette High School was the third high school built in Buffalo, New York. It has fallen into recent struggles with academics and has been placed on New York State&#39;s Watch List of Persistently Underperforming Schools. After the 2010-2011 school year, the school closed and re-opened as a multicultural school with a new principal. The school also began housing seventh and eighth graders from nearby International School 45. This arrangement continued until 2015, when Lafayette High School began phasing out.</p><br>
<h3>Former principals</h3><br>
<p>Previous assignment and reason for departure denoted in parentheses</p><br>
<p>Mr. Arthur Detmers&ndash;1903-1906 (unknown, named Instructor of The Hill School)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Calvert King Mellen&ndash;1906-1934 (Math teacher - Buffalo Central High School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Frank Gott&ndash;1934-1955 (Vice Principal - Lafayette High School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Abraham Axelrod&ndash;1955-1958 (Assistant Principal - Kensington High School, died)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Robert C. McGowan&ndash;1958-1968 (Assistant Principal - East High School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Gerald S. Hare&ndash;1968-1972 (Assistant Principal - East High School, transferred to Buffalo Public Schools District Offices)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Frederick D. Ganter&ndash;1972-1997 (Assistant Principal - East High School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Ms. Sharon A. Lanza&ndash;1997-2004 (Assistant Principal - Lafayette High School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Jacquelyn M. Baldwin&ndash;2004-2008 (Assistant Principal - City Honors School, transferred to Office Of School Performance)</p><br>
<p>Dr. Phyllis F. Morrell&ndash;2008-2011 (Principal on Assignment - McKinley Vocational High School,)</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Naomi R. Cerre&ndash;2011-2015 (Assistant Principal - McKinley High School, returned to McKinley)</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Denise E. Clarke&ndash;2015-2017 (Principal - Riverside Institute of Technology, retired)</p><br>
<h3>Selected former assistant principals</h3><br>
<p>Previous assignment and reason for departure denoted in parentheses</p><br>
<p>Mr. Charles E. Rhodes&ndash;1918-1925 (English Teacher - Lafayette High School, named Principal of Bennett High School)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Frank Gott&ndash;1925-1934 (unknown, named Principal of Lafayette High School)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Irvin H. Himmele&ndash;1934-1941, 1948-1951 (Social Studies teacher - Lafayette High School, placed on military leave)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Carl S. Walz&ndash;1941-1948 (Math teacher - Lafayette High School, named Assistant Principal of East High School)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Frank J. Kelly&ndash;1951-1955 (Assistant Principal - South Park High Annex, named Assistant Principal of Kensington High School)</p><br>
<p>Dr. J. Norman Hayes&ndash;1955-1958 (Assistant Principal - School 87, named Principal of South Park High School)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Martin J. O&#39;Donnell&ndash;1958-1962 (Acting Assistant Principal - Kensington High School, named Principal of Grover Cleveland High School)</p><br>
<p>Ms. Margaret V. Lombardi&ndash;1962-1966 (Guidance Counselor - School 72, named Principal of Woodlawn Junior High School)</p><br>
<p>Ms. Mary Elizabeth Dougherty&ndash;1966-1970 (Guidance Counselor - Lafayette High School, named Director of Business Education for Buffalo Public Schools)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Chester J. Kryszczuk&ndash;1966-1969 (Assistant Principal - School 59, named Principal of School 80)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Salvatore J. Scamacca&ndash;1969-1990 (Instrumental Music teacher - Lafayette High School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Gerald H. Hesson&ndash;1972-1974 (Social Studies teacher - South Park High School, named Principal of Fillmore Middle School)</p><br>
<p>Dr. Daniel M. Kublitz&ndash;1974-1982 (Assistant Principal - Kensington High School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Charles G. Erickson&ndash;1983-1987 (Coordinator of Student Affairs - Kensington High School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Thomas P. Kopera&ndash;1987-1990 (Business teacher - Lafayette High School, named Principal of Burgard Vocational High School)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Elzie B. Fisher&ndash;1990-1995 (Assistant Principal - Kensington High School, named Principal of Buffalo Alternative High School)</p><br>
<p>Ms. Patricia C. Kormash&ndash;1990-1994 (French teacher - Lafayette High School, named Assistant Principal of North Tonawanda High School)</p><br>
<p>Ms. Sharon Lanza&ndash;1994-1997 (Assistant Principal - Grover Cleveland High School, named Principal of Lafayette High School)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Thomas M. Kalenik&ndash;1995-2004 (Social Studies teacher - Buffalo Public Schools, retired)</p><br>
<p>Ms. Lisa K. Robinson&ndash;1997-2006 (Computer Science teacher - Hutchinson Central Technical High School, named Assistant Principal of Opportunity Center at 331)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Gregory K. Pigeon&ndash;2004-2005 (Business teacher - Riverside Institute of Technology, named Assistant Principal of Erie 1 BOCES - Harkness Center)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Philip M. Martin&ndash;2005-2006 (Assistant Principal - Hutchinson Central Technical School, named Associate Principal of Shenendehowa High School)</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Denise Clarke&ndash;2006-2009 (Acting Assistant Principal - City Honors School,)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Gregory D. Mott&ndash;2006 (Assistant Principal - Opportunity School at 331,)</p><br>
<p>Mr. John E. Evert&ndash;2006-2008 (Business teacher - Burgard Vocational High School, named Vice Principal of Lewiston-Porter High School)</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Julie L Horn&ndash;2008-2014 (Assistant Principal - Bennett High School, named Assistant Principal of Newcomers Academy @ Lafayette)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Craig M. Brodnicki&ndash;2008-2016 (Assistant Principal - Campus West School, named Assistant Principal of McKinley Vocational High School)</p><br>
<p>Ms. Yuldonna M. Middleton&ndash;2011-2015 (Assistant Principal - International School, retired)</p><br>
<p>Mr. Rafael A. Mercado&ndash;2016-2017 (Assistant Principal - Emerson School of Hospitality, named Assistant Principal of D&#39;Youville Porter Campus School)</p><br>
<h3>Selected former administrators</h3><br>
<h2>Academics</h2><br>
<p>Lafayette High School currently serves as home to many Buffalo high school students learning English as a second language.</p><br>
<h3>Bell Schedule</h3><br>
<h2>Notable alumni</h2><br>
<p>Gordon Bunshaft (class of 1928), noted twentieth-century architect.</p><br>
<p>Robert J. Donovan (class of 1932), Washington Bureau Chief, New York Herald Tribune and Los Angeles Times. President, White House Correspondents&#39; Association. Author of 12 books including PT-109. Only journalist to ever address a Joint Session of Congress.</p><br>
<p>Liz Dribben (class of 1954), first female news anchor on Buffalo television, copy writer at CBS News for Dan Rather, Walter Cronkite, and Charles Kuralt. Member of the Buffalo Broadcasting Hall of Fame.</p><br>
<p>Jeremiah Goodman (class of 1939), artist, known simply as "Jeremiah", painter of interior still lifes of famous residences.</p><br>
<p>Cecil de Blaquiere Howard (class of 1903), noted sculptor who lived in Paris, France from 1905 to 1940, and in New York until his death in 1956.</p><br>
<p>Barney Lepper (class of 1915), founder of the Buffalo All-Stars, which eventually became the city&#39;s first NFL team</p><br>
<p>Gary Mallaber (class of 1964), Multiple platinum selling drummer and producer involved with acts such as The Steve Miller Band, Van Morrison and Eddie Money.</p><br>
<p>Fran Striker (class of 1922), author, creator of the radio serial The Lone Ranger.</p><br>
<p>Bruce Shanks (class of 1927), Pulitzer Prize-winning political cartoonist.</p><br>
<p>Winifred C. Stanley (class of 1927), attorney and first member of congress to introduce legislation prohibiting discrimination in pay on account of sex</p><br>
<p>Frank Kelly Freas (class of 1938), famed science-fiction cover artist.</p><br>
<p>The Modernaires (Hal Dickinson, Chuck Goldstein, and Bill Conway, late 1930s), the popular harmony group renowned for its performances on record and motion pictures with the Glenn Miller Orchestra.</p><br>
<p>Tedd Lewin (class of 1953), artist, author and illustrator of children&#39;s books.</p><br>
<p>Angelo Coniglio (class of 1954), first Civil Engineering graduate of the University at Buffalo, engineer, professor of engineering, genealogist, author of the historical novella The Lady of the Wheel and archivist of the American Football League.</p><br>
<p>Edward Lawson (class of 1964), Edward won a landmark Supreme Court victory over racism and arbitrary stop and seizure practices by California police by defending himself before the Supreme Court of the US.. Few Lafayette graduates have ever shown such personal triumph over injustice.</p><br>
<p>Charles Reidpath Olympic gold medalist</p><br>
<p>Gary Mallaber drummer/percussionist</p><br>
<p>Bobby Militello jazz saxophonist</p><br>
<p>Shanks (1927) and Lewin (1953), and all the art students in between were influenced by the Miss Elizabeth Weiffenbach, who taught art at the school for over forty years. These included Jack Smart (class of 1922), an artist who also played The Fat Man on 1940s radio; and Irving Jeremiah Goodman (class of 1939), a contemporary artist specializing in room still lifes. Turner rowed for the USA in the 1956 Olympic Games in Melbourne, Australia, was executive editor of The Buffalo Courier-Express, and is a member of the exclusive Gridiron Club in Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<p>The public school is supported by the private Lafayette High School Alumni Association. In 1999, the association restored the buildings landmark lantern or "cupola", which had deteriorated and been demolished for safety reasons in the 1970s. In May 2003, the association sponsored and ran a 100th Anniversary Celebration, attended by over 1,700 alumni and their guests, raising $30,000 for the school. The funds will establish the Ramsi P. Tick media room in memory of entrepreneur Tick, an LHS alumnus and philanthropist. The association also awards several annual grants and scholarships for worthy causes and students, and on Sunday, August 4, 2013 is holding a free All-Class Reunion to celebrate the schools one hundred and tenth year.</p><br>
<p>As their logos, the school and the Association use the LHS Triangle (Lafayette High School; Loyalty, Honor, Service), and the Lafayette Angel.</p><br>
<p>The Nathan Clifford School is a former elementary school building at 180 Falmouth Street in Portland, Maine. Built in 1907-09 to a design by John Calvin Stevens and his son John Howard Stevens, it was hailed as a model elementary school by the state, built with up-to-date technology to the latest standards. It was named for Maine politician and jurist Nathan Clifford. The school was closed in 2011, and has been converted to residential use.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Nathan Clifford School building is located in Portland&#39;s Oakdale neighborhood, on the south side of Falmouth Street, between Payson and Deane Streets. It is a three story masonry Classical Revival structure, built out of brick with stone trim, set on a granite foundation. It has an H-shaped layout, with projecting wings flanking a central section. The center section is thirteen bays wide, with the main entrance at its center, sheltered by a portico with doubled columns, and a relief-carved pediment above. The flat roof is surrounded by a parapet, with a decorative medallion positioned above the entrance.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by the noted Portland architect John Calvin Stevens and his son John Howard Stevens, and was opened to students in the spring in 1909. The school is named after the Maine statesman, diplomat and jurist Nathan Clifford, who is best known for being the 20th United States Attorney General and an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. The school was lauded by the state as a model of its new standards for public schools, and received nationwide attention in architectural publications. It was designed with fire resistance in mind, wired for electricity, and had the latest in heating and ventilation technology installed.</p><br>
<p>The school was also home to the state&#39;s first special classes for children with vision problems, a program that was operated between 1932 and 1964. In the 1930s, murals funded by the Works Progress Administration were painted by a local artist and installed in the schools gymnasium; they have been relocated to the Ocean Avenue Elementary School, which replaced this building in 2011 as the elementary school for the Oakdale neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>In August 2013, the building was sold for $1 to a developer. The building now houses residential units, called the Nathan Clifford Residences.</p><br>
<p>The Samar Sea is a small sea within the Philippine archipelago, situated between the Bicol Region of Luzon and the Eastern Visayas.</p><br>
<p>It is bordered by the islands of Samar to the east, Leyte to the south, Masbate to the west, and Luzon to the north. The sea is connected to the Philippine Sea to the north via San Bernardino Strait, to Leyte Gulf to the southeast via San Juanico Strait, to the Visayan Sea to the southwest, and to the Sibuyan Sea to the northwest via Masbate Pass and Ticao Pass. It contains Biliran Island, the islands of Almagro, Maripipi, Sto. Nino, Daram, and Tagapul-an.</p><br>
<p>The Samar Sea has experienced a significant degradation of marine resources, that is even characterized as "ecocide". Before 1981, there were 50 commercial fish species, but within 10 years, it was reduced to only 10 due to overfishing and destructive fishing methods (like dynamite fishing). Average daily catch has reduced from 30 kg/day in the 1960s, to 8 kg/day in 1981, to 3.5 kg/day in 1991. Having depleted the large predatory fish, fishermen turned to smaller species, allowing jellyfish populations to explode.</p><br>
<p>Deforestation of surrounding lands has led to increased silt from denuded mountains that choke coral reefs. Only some 5% of reefs are considered to be in a healthy condition. Another result of the increased silt are red tides, causing paralytic shellfish poisonings. The first red tide in the Philippines occurred in the Samar Sea in 1983 and thereafter continued to occur at irregular intervals.</p><br>
<p>Gorski Kotar  is the mountainous region in Croatia between Karlovac and Rijeka. Because 63% of its surface is forested it is popularly called the green lungs of Croatia or Croatian Switzerland. Through the region passes the European route E65, which connects Budapest and Zagreb with the Adriatic Port of Rijeka.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>in Gorski Kotar, Mt. Risnjak in the distance.</p><br>
<p>The region is divided between Primorje-Gorski Kotar County and Karlovac County. The majority of the region lies in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County including the cities of Delnice, Čabar, Vrbovsko; and the municipalities of Mrkopalj, Ravna Gora, Skrad, Brod na Kupi, Fužine and Lokve. The part of the region that is in Karlovac County contains the Municipality of Bosiljevo and part of the City of Ogulin. With a population of 4454, Delnice is the largest city of the region and its center. Other centers with populations of more than 1,000 are Vrbovsko (1,900) and Ravna Gora (1,900). Begovo Razdolje, the highest town in Croatia, is located in Gorski Kotar at an altitude of 1076 m.</p><br>
<p>The population density of Gorski Kotar is low, but the highest in Mountainous Croatia. As of 2001, about 28,000 people were living in an area of about 1,300 square kilometers, which is about 22 people per square kilometer. Linguistically, the region is very diverse; in a relatively small area, all three Croatian dialects can be heard. Also, in some parts of Gorski Kotar there is a considerable Italian community.</p><br>
<p>Geomorphically Gorski Kotar is on the karstic plateau about 35 km and has an average altitude of 800 m. The highest point is Bjelolasica at 1534 m followed by Risnjak at 1528 m. The plateau is a climatic barrier between the littoral and continental parts of the country. The border with the Kvarner region is defined by the divide between the drainage basins of the Black Sea and of the Adriatic Sea. Its southern border with Lika is not clearly defined but most scholars consider it to be the Jasenak – Novi Vinodolski road and people of Jasenak consider themselves to be somewhere between Gorski Kotar and Lika. To the north, the Kupa River is the border between Gorski Kotar and Slovenia&#39;s White Carniola region.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first known inhabitants of the Gorski Kotar was the Illyrian tribe of the Iapodes, who lived in the area from the 9th century BC on. They were later subjugated by the Romans, who built lines of fortification from Grobnik to Prezid. In the 6th century, the Croats began to settle the area, but hereafter the history of Gorski Kotar is obscure until the 12th century when the noble family Frankopans began to rule much of Gorski Kotar. The Frankopans initiated the first wave of settlement in the 14th century, first colonizing the eastern part of the Gorski Kotar, making their stronghold at Bosiljevo.</p><br>
<p>In the 15th century, due to the Ottoman intrusions, the geopolitical significance of the Gorski Kotar increased. This led to a new wave of settlement and the creation of defensive fortifications, which in turn led to the development of more important towns in the region. After a short period of insecurity, settlement renewed at the end of the 16th century, when many Ottoman exiles and refugees (mostly Shtokavian-speaking, and many Serbian Orthodox Christians) came to this region. They settled along the border with the Ottoman Empire: in Gomirje, Vrbovsko, Dobra, Moravice, Stari Laz, Sušica, Mrkopalj and Lič. From the mid-17th century until the beginning of the 18th century, the most developed part of the region was the area around Čabar, where the Zrinskis had control overiron mines and metallurgic manufacturing. Čabar and its surroundings were settled by a Slovene population from Carniola and Chakavian from Kvarner. After the failed Zrinski-Frankopan plot their properties were confiscated and shared among many other nobles, whereupon the local population was exploited with increased severity.</p><br>
<p>The most intense period of settlement began in the 18th century with the 1732 opening of the Karolina road, which linked Karlovac and Bakar. Most immigrants were from Kvarner but Czechs, Slovenes and descendants of Ottoman exiles also came. After the road opened, economic activity in the region flourished, especially kirijašenje - the transportation of goods from the interior to the Adriatic (those engaged in this form of transportation were referred to locally as kirci). The most developed center in this period was Ravna Gora. In 1777 by decree of Maria Theresia, all of the Gorski Kotar was incorporated into the county of Severin.</p><br>
<p>During the Napoleonic wars, the Gorski Kotar was part of Frances Illyrian Provinces. The French built between 1803 and 1809 a newer, wider road Lujziana named after Napoleons second wife Marie Louise, which connected Karlovac and Rijeka and led to more development of Gorski Kotar, and Delnice became the most developed center in the region. It linked Rijeka with Karlovac through Grobničko polje, Kamenjak, Gornje Jelenje, Lokve, Delnice, Skrad, Stubica, Severin na Kupi, and Netretić. The length of the Louisiana road was 18 Austrian miles (1 mile=7.585 km). It was about 6 m wide. It was the shortest route between Rijeka and Karlovac, and was one of the most modern roads in the empire. With the building of the Lujzijana, the Karolina road became less important. The road is still in use.</p><br>
<p>After the war, Gorski Kotar was again under the Habsburg monarchy, and in 1873, the first railway in the region was built. However, this decreased dependence on kirijašenje and an economic crisis ensued that forced many to leave the region. In 1886, a new administrative division was made and all of the Gorski Kotar was incorporated into Rijeka county.</p><br>
<p>After the First World War, the Gorski Kotar was part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.</p><br>
<p>On 21 July 1921 Alija Alijagić, a member of the communist organization Crvena Pravda, shot the Minister of the Interior Milorad Drašković in Delnice. Although Milorad Drašković was a staunch anti-communist, and enacted several pieces of anti-communist legislation, the Communist Party of Yugoslavia condemned the act. Nevertheless, this inspired the King to make a law concerning protection of the state that made the communist party illegal.</p><br>
<p>During the Second World War, the Gorski Kotar was divided between Italy and the Independent State of Croatia. Citizens of the Gorski Kotar participated greatly to the anti-fascist struggle, and several popular post-war TV-series were made about Gorski Kotar resistance efforts, Kapelski kresovi being one.</p><br>
<p>In the 1990s, construction of the Zagreb – Rijeka motorway was resumed, part of it having already been built in 1973 (Zagreb – Karlovac and Rijeka – Oštrovica), and in 1997 Delnice was connected to Rijeka. In 2004 the motorway was finished by connecting the two directions of motorway in Vrbovsko. The motorway is now known as A6 and it was upgraded to the full two-lane format in 2008.</p><br>
<p>Norfork Dam is a large dam in northern Arkansas southeast of Mountain Home. It dams North Fork River and creates Norfork Lake. The top of the dam supports a 2-lane roadway, part of AR 177.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the late 1930s, before construction of the Norfork Dam had begun, the local economy of Baxter County, Arkansas was deteriorating. The yearly per capita income had fallen to between one-hundred and two-hundred dollars, and in 1940 alone more than six hundred small farms were abandoned. Those who remained looked forward with enthusiasm to any solution that promised relief from their economic problems. Mountain Home, Arkansas, then the largest community, was described as having no prospect for new business and very few paved roads. When construction of the dam finally began in the spring of 1941 it was said that, "before the first shovel of dirt was thrown, or the first tree dozed down, the Mountain Home people knew that a new era had dawned" United States, History of the Corps of Engineers. As the largest nearby community, Mountain Home was to derive the most spectacular benefit for the Corps projects in the area. Centrally located between both Norfork and Bull Shoals Dam, few of its citizens could foresee the economic change Norfork Dam would bring to the poor agricultural community (Messick).</p><br>
<p>Clyde T. Ellis, who defeated Claude Fuller in 1938 to become the representative for the third district, envisioned a smaller Arkansas version of the Tennessee Valley Authority. Ellis made Norfork Dam his personal project and fought for it until construction began in the spring of 1941. Having won the election with the promise of cheap hydroelectricity, he hoped the dams would give rise to industry and lift the region out of the depths of depression. Ellis firmly believed that if Norfork Dam was built then the other dams would follow. Authorization for construction of the dam was included as part of the flood control act of June 28, 1938. Norfork Dam was to be one of six dams built to accomplish flood control in the White River basin. The act was later revised in 1941 to include Bull Shoals and Table Rock.</p><br>
<h3>Power generation</h3><br>
<p>Power generation was not originally included in the project purpose for Norfork Dam. However, this was unacceptable to the people of Baxter County and the surrounding region. The sparse population of the area did not justify investment, by private companies, in a large network of power lines. It was believed that, if the dam did not include power generation, it could be many years before the region would gain service. While most citizens would have accepted any type of government project to help boost the economy, a large delegation from the region met in Harrison, Arkansas to insist that power generation be included in the project purpose. The Baxter County delegation wanted to pass a resolution that would have expressed opposition to any dam that did not include hydroelectric power facilities. They feared that the cost/benefit ratio would not justify congressional expenditure unless power generation was included, and the dam would never be built. However, the Batesville, Arkansas delegation was able to convince the assembly that the resolution may be interpreted as general opposition to the dam and it never passed. They believed that the population and economic growth brought by the construction of the dam would make it feasible for power companies to move in. As it happened the citizens of Baxter County need not have worried. Shortly after construction began Congress, under the threat of impending war, authorized construction of the power house and two out of the four generators for Norfork Dam (Messick).</p><br>
<h3>Construction</h3><br>
<p>Built on the North Fork River, Norfork Dam was one of the six largest concrete dams in the country at the time of its construction. All preliminary investigation, the final design of the structure, and the preparation of construction plans and specs was carried out under the supervision of Lieutenant Colonel Stanley L. Scott. Much work had to be done before construction could begin on the massive structure. First, a suitable location had to be found before any other type of work could begin. Because of the large number of caves in the region foundation exploration, using diamond tipped drills, was carried out for nearly a year before plans were completed. Once a site was selected, a nearby source of sufficient materials for construction had to be located. Since the site was acceptable for either an earth or concrete dam, the types of construction materials and their locations would be the deciding factor in determining what type of dam would be built. The decision to build a concrete dam was made because sufficient quantities of concrete aggregate could be located near the construction site, while there was insufficient material for an earth dam. The detailed design of the dam, construction plans and specifications were prepared by the design section of the engineering division under Mr. G.R. Schneider.</p><br>
<p>The construction contracts for the dam were awarded to the Morrison-Knudsen company and the Utah Construction Company. Both companies had participated in the construction of the Grand Coulee Dam and Hoover Dam. Construction began in the spring of 1941 with the removal of 400,000 cubic yards of earth to expose the bedrock foundation and an additional 28,000 cubic yards had to be removed to stabilize it. This was accomplished using draglines and power shovels. Most of the smaller aggregate used in construction was removed from the sand and gravel bars of a twenty-mile (32 km) section of the White River. A quarry and crushing plant was required to create nearly 800,000 tons of larger aggregate. Between thirty-five hundred and four thousand people came to witness the first blast to be made on Norfork Dam. Touted by advertisers as the biggest blast in the world; many of the spectators were sorely disappointed when the blast finally occurred. They had been made to believe that the entire cliff was going to be blown away. After the event, construction officials said no one had ever intended to do this and apologized for the disappointment (Blevins; Scott).</p><br>
<p>Norfork Dam is a gravity dam; this means that it resists the thrust of water entirely by its own weight. This take enormous amounts of concrete which can be expensive; however, many engineers prefer the solid strength of gravity dams to arch dams or buttress dams. For example, Norfork Dam and the powerhouse cost approximately 28,600,000 dollars; a very large sum of money in the early 1940s. It was constructed in sections, called monoliths, ranging from forty to fifty-four feet in length and not exceeding five feet in height (Scott).</p><br>
<p>The completion of the dam had an immediate effect; with freedom from the fear of floods many people began to reoccupy farms downstream of the dam. Ironically the areas most affected by seasonal flooding were those covered by the reservoir, and the dam had little effect on flooding of the White River. However, not everyone was happy with the construction of the dam, nearly four-hundred people had to be removed from one of the most heavily populated and prosperous regions of Baxter County to make room for the reservoir. The government only paid people for their land if they had structures on it. As a result, many people did not get paid for their land when it was covered. In fact, one man who thought he had lake front property paid taxes on it until 2004 when he realized that his property was underwater (Andrewson).</p><br>
<h2>Effect of Norfork Dam on Baxter County</h2><br>
<p>From the very beginning Norfork Dam has brought tourists to Baxter County and the surrounding area, and with them an economic prosperity that no one could have dreamed of at the time.</p><br>
<h2>Norfork Lake</h2><br>
<p>Norfork Lake covers 22,000 acre with more than 550 mi of shoreline. There are 19 recreational parks on the lake that provide places for camping, hiking, picnicking, swimming, boating, and water skiing. Commercial docks on Norfork Lake provide boats, motors, diving equipment, and guides to the lake.</p><br>
<p>Most of the lake lies within Baxter County, Arkansas, with its Northernmost portion in Ozark County, Missouri.</p><br>
<p>Bass, crappie, walleye, catfish, and bream are all found on the lake with almost all other varieties of fresh water game fish. Below the dam, North Fork River has a superb population of trout. The Norfork National Fish Hatchery maintains a continuous supply of trout.</p><br>
<p>San Felipe de Neri Church is a historic Catholic church located on the north side of Old Town Plaza in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Built in 1793, it is one of the oldest surviving buildings in the city and the only building in Old Town proven to date to the Spanish colonial period. The church is listed on the New Mexico State Register of Cultural Properties and has remained in continuous use for over 200 years.</p><br>
<p>San Felipe de Neri replaced an older church, dating to the founding of Albuquerque in 1706, which collapsed in the winter of 1792–3. From its founding until 1817, church was run by Franciscan missionaries. During the Victorian era, under the influence of Bishop Jean-Baptiste Lamy, the church was remodeled with Gothic Revival elements, including bell towers, a new pitched roof, and interior decorations, to give it a more European appearance. This combination of elements from different periods and traditions makes the church notable architecturally as well as historically.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>First church</h3><br>
<p>The church was established in 1706 under the direction of Fray Manuel Moreno, a Franciscan missionary who was among the original settlers of Albuquerque. The first baptism was recorded on June 26 of that year, The church was originally dedicated to St. Francis Xavier, but the Viceroy ordered the patron saint changed to St. Philip Neri in July 1706 to honor King Philip V.</p><br>
<p>In 1776 the church was inspected by Fray Atanasio Domínguez, who wrote that it faced east with an attached convent on the south side and was surrounded by a walled cemetery. Domínguez also encountered some confusion as to the church&#39;s patron saint, which the local people evidently still believed to be Francis Xavier. Domínguez had a painting of the correct saint installed and the church has been known as San Felipe de Neri since. The church was apparently allowed to deteriorate in the late 1700s to the point where it collapsed during the winter of 1792–93.</p><br>
<h3>Second church</h3><br>
<p>The governor, Fernando de la Concha, called the church collapse a disgrace and ordered everyone in the surrounding area to help in constructing a replacement as soon as possible. The new church was begun in 1793 and had a more sophisticated design than the old building, with a cruciform rather than rectangular plan and twin bell towers. A convento was added on the east side for the Franciscan friars who operated the parish. In 1817, the administration of San Felipe de Neri was transferred to the Diocese of Durango, as the Franciscans had outlived their intended missionary role and were draining the province&#39;s funds by continuing to draw a sizable government subsidy. In fact, provincial authorities had been trying to remove them since 1767.</p><br>
<p>Under the influence of Bishop (later Archbishop) Jean-Baptiste Lamy during the 1850s and 60s, the church was remodeled to give it a more European appearance, with a pitched roof, vernacular Gothic Revival spires, and a new altar and pulpit painted to look like marble. In 1867, Lamy handed control of the parish to Italian Jesuits, who oversaw the construction of Our Lady of the Angels School in 1878 and a convent for the Sisters of Charity (who ran the school) in 1881. In 1890, the rectory was rebuilt with a second story, a new portico, and a widow&#39;s walk. The church interior was remodeled again in 1916, giving it a new floor and a pressed tin ceiling. In 1965, administration of the church was returned to the Archdiocese of Santa Fe. It remains a functioning parish church.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>San Felipe de Neri is cruciform in plan with thick adobe walls, wooden vigas, and carved corbels dating to the original 18th century construction. Like most colonial churches in New Mexico, it uses the aisleless (single-nave) plan with a polygonal apse. The apse, transepts, and crossing have a raised ceiling, and there is a low choir loft over the main entrance. The church is notable for its fusion of elements from different periods, with a "skin" of Victorian embellishments applied to the more traditional adobe forms. The exterior features twin bell towers, added around 1861, which show a vernacular adaptation of the Gothic Revival style using local materials. Interior details from the same period include the altar and pulpit, which are constructed from wood painted to look like marble, tongue-and-groove wainscoting, and wooden cabinetry in the sacristy. The pressed tin ceiling was added in 1916.</p><br>
<h2>Other buildings</h2><br>
<p>The church property includes several ancillary buildings which are also of historical interest.</p><br>
<h3>Rectory</h3><br>
<p>The rectory, also known as Moreno Hall, stands east of the church on the site of the original convento built in the 1790s. Rebuilt around 1890 by the Jesuits, the present rectory is a rectangular, two-story building of stuccoed brick with a wide portico, cross-gabled roof, and widow&#39;s walk. The west gable has a decorative octagonal window, while a similar window on the front was replaced by a clock.</p><br>
<h3>Our Lady of the Angels School</h3><br>
<p>This was Albuquerque&#39;s first public school, built by the Jesuits in 1878. It is a one-story, gable-roofed building with a wooden cupola and particularly fine Territorial style trim. The school is separately listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h3>Sister Blandina Convent</h3><br>
<p>The convent, attached to the west side of the church, was built in 1881 for the Sisters of Charity and was said to be the first two-story adobe building in Old Town. This proved challenging for the local builders and required an Italian mason to be brought from Santa Fe to lay the stone foundation. It is named for Blandina Segale, who helped to supervise its construction and became famous for her many exploits in the West. The convent was staffed by the Sisters until the late 1970s.</p><br>
<h3>Outbuildings</h3><br>
<p>Also on the church property are a modest Territorial-style barn, stable, and parish hall. The buildings are organized around a central courtyard.</p><br>
<p>The Kelantan River  is the major river in Kelantan, Malaysia. It drains a catchment area of about 11900 km²</p><br>
<p>in north-east Malaysia including part of the Taman Negara National Park, and flows northwards into the South China Sea. The rainfall over the area varies between 0 mm in the dry season (March–May) to 1750 mm in the monsoon season (November–January). The average runoff from the area is about 500 m³/s.</p><br>
<h2>Name and extent</h2><br>
<p>The description of the river is complicated by the local naming convention: instead of using the name Kelantan river from estuary to source, the name is only used for the section from the estuary to the confluence of its two main tributaries, the Galas River and the Lebir River, near the town of Kuala Krai. The same naming convention applies to these tributaries. Thus to describe the main river from source to mouth involves four names: the River Betis (first 20 miles from the source), then the River Nenggiri, then the River Galas, and finally the Kelantan River.</p><br>
<h2>Route</h2><br>
<p>The river tributaries rise in the forested mountains where many Orang Asli tribes live. The area is known for its limestone outcrops and caves. Along the River Nenggeri section some cave systems show evidence of habitation going back 9000 years, such as Gua Cha near Kuala Betis.</p><br>
<p>Lower down, Malay villages dot the banks of the river which passes through one of the most densely populated flood plains on the Malay Peninsula whose padi fields produce around 12% of Malaysian rice production.</p><br>
<p>The river flows past four important towns: Pasir Mas, Tumpat, Kuala Krai and the state capital Kota Bharu, which lies near the mouth of the river. Towards the estuary there are several islands in the river.</p><br>
<p>The area around the actual estuary, known as Kuala Besar, is dotted with picturesque fishing villages, which are also well known for the production of batik (a local patterned material produced by waxing and dyeing cloth) for which the State of Kelantan is famous.</p><br>
<h2>Flooding</h2><br>
<p>The Kelantan River regularly overspills its banks during the months of November to February because of the northeast monsoon season. The estimate flood volume under the 50 year flood condition at Kusial Bridge is about 6 billion m. Severe flooding occurred in 1926 and 1967. In the 1967 floods 84% of the Kelantan population (537,000 people) were badly affected. Some 125,000 people were evacuated and 38 drowned.</p><br>
<p>More recently a telemetric flood forecasting system has been installed to give warning of high river levels. Some of the worst floods in recent years have been:</p><br>
<p>Keratea  is a town in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Lavreotiki, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 129.864 km. Legend has it that when the barbarians came to attack Greece at the land of Keratea, Zeus and Hedes drew the coast together so they can talk and allowed only a strip of water in between. The Greeks were so very few so to give them a fighting chance Zeus and Hades summoned Poseidonis and asked him to send waves bigger than the barbarians ships.People from that time say that even the Hades himself fought on the side of the Greeks. So the sea by the land of Keratea is known as Kakia Thalassa  ever since.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Keratea is situated in the hills in the southeastern part of the Attica peninsula, 6 km west of the Aegean Sea coast, at about 200 m elevation. It lies at the northern foot of the Panion hills. It is 5 km southeast of Kalyvia Thorikou, 12 km northwest of Lavrio and 29 km southeast of Athens city centre. Greek National Road 89 (Gerakas - Koropi - Lavrio - Sounio) passes through Keratea.</p><br>
<p>In antiquity, the area of present Keratea was part of the deme Cephale, of the phyle Acamantis.</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<h2>Sports</h2><br>
<p>Keratea hosts the sport teams Keravnos Keratea F.C., one of the most succesfull East Attica football clubs, and the multi-sport G.S. Kerateas (Gymnastikos Syllogos Kerateas), the women&#39;s volleyball team has represent the town in Greek A1 Division for several years.</p><br>
<p>Lavreotiki is a municipality at the southeasternnmost tip of the Attica peninsula in the Greek regional unit of East Attica. Its municipal seat is the town of Laurium .</p><br>
<p>It is historically important as a significant ancient mining district, most notably in the villages of Laurium and Thorikos on the southeastern seaboard during the 6th, 5th, and 4th centuries BCE. As such it financed the wealth of Athens and the emergence of the Athenian Empire through the slave-powered mining efforts for silver and lead, beginning with the discovery of 2 deep-vein mining efforts during the 480&#39;s. Prior to that development, which at Themistocles urging in 483 BC led to the expansion of the Athenian fleet to 200 ships, only surface-mining was deployed as a technique for harvesting silver. More than 250 ore washeries have been identified by archaeologists and geologists in the district.</p><br>
<h2>Municipality</h2><br>
<p>The municipality Lavreotiki was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 3 former municipalities, that became municipal units:</p><br>
<p>Agios Konstantinos</p><br>
<p>&#39;Keratea</p><br>
<p>Lavreotiki</p><br>
<p>The municipality has an area of 175.798 km, the municipal unit 35.484 km.</p><br>
<h3>Settlements</h3><br>
<p>The main settlements within the municipal unit of Lavreotiki are (population at 2011 census):</p><br>
<p>Laurium (7,078)</p><br>
<p>Ano Thoriko (215)</p><br>
<p>Thorikos (227)</p><br>
<p>Kato Poseidonia (397)</p><br>
<p>Kato Sounio (127)</p><br>
<p>Legrena (289)</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<p>Agios Konstantinos  is a village and a former community in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Lavreotiki, of which it is a municipal unit. It was named after Saint Constantine.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Agios Konstantinos is situated in the hills in the southeastern part of the Attica peninsula, at about 160 m elevation. It is 4 km west of the Aegean Sea coast at Lavrio and 38 km southeast of Athens city centre. The municipal unit has an area of 10.450 km. There are several mines in the vicinity of Agios Konstantinos and neighboring Lavrio. In antiquity it was known for silver mines, currently minerals including azurite, chalcoalumite, calcite, austinite and adamite are found.</p><br>
<p>The community Agios Konstantinos also includes the village Esperídes (pop. 69).</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<p>Kouvaras  is a village and a former community in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Saronikos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 24.371 km.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Kouvaras is situated in the southeastern part of the Attica peninsula. There are several low mountains around Kouvaras, including Panion to its southwest and Merenta to its north. It is 2 km north of Keratea, 4 km southeast of Kalyvia Thorikou and 27 km southeast of Athens city centre. The Greek National Road 89 (Gerakas - Koropi - Lavrio - Sounio) passes southwest of the town. The municipal unit Kouvaras also includes the village Neos Kouvaras (pop. 566), 1 km to the southwest.</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<p>Pikermi  is a town and a former community of Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Rafina-Pikermi, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 21.522 km.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Pikermi is situated at the northern edge of the Mesogaia plain, south of the Penteliko Mountain. It is 5 km east of Pallini, 6 km west of Rafina and 19 km east of Athens city centre. Greek National Road 54 (Athens - Rafina) passes through Pikermi. The municipal unit Pikermi consists of the settlements Pikermi, Drafi and Dioni.</p><br>
<h2>Paleontology</h2><br>
<p>Pikermi features a paleontological site which has more than forty mammal species from the late Miocene (8 million years ago). What is special about Pikermi is that it is one of the first localities to be discovered. It was discovered in 1839 by Bavarian soldiers of king Otto. Since it was one of the first localities, many of the species named there are type species. Similar fossils are found on Samos Island in Greece and Shanxi China.</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<p>Polydendri  is a town and former community of East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Oropos, of which it is a municipal unit.</p><br>
<p>It is located north of Athens. The town contains no more than 1,385 residents (2011 census) and it has many cultural unions, such as a youth union, a traditional dance union, an athletic club (the "Black Eagle of Polydendri" playing at the athletic center of Gourezi), a tracking club and a heavy metal society (called "the Obscure" and numbering 1.500 members from all around Greece). Furthermore, Polydendri is known for its taverns. The municipal unit has a land area of 13.881 km² and also includes the villages of Taxiárches (pop. 116), Irakleideís (68), and Ágios Geórgios (39). Its total population was 1,608 at the 2011 census.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>During ancient times, the entire north Attica area was called Afidnes. During the Middle Ages, the inhabitants of the village were Scandinavian shepherds that reached the village at the end of the 9th century. There are many questions concerning the reasons that made those Vikings reach the north of Attica, but there are still remains of their civilization (a dozen buildings around the river, at the southeast of the village, have Viking architecture). During the years of the Ottoman Empire, a clan of Arvanites approached the north of Attica and after brief combat, they controlled the village, which had a very important strategic position for the defense of the city of Athens.</p><br>
<p>Skala Oropou  is a community in East Attica, Greece, on the South Gulf of Euboea, due north of Athens. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Oropos, of which it is a community.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Skala Oropou is a seaside town, situated on the south coast of the South Euboean Gulf. The town Nea Palatia is directly adjacent to its east. It is 8 km south of Eretria (on the island Euboea), and 38 km north of Athens. The Greek National Road 79 connects it with Motorway 1 near Malakasa. The mouth of the river Asopos lies between Skala Oropou and the western village Chalkoutsi. The community has a land area of 12.398 km² and a total population of 4,146 inhabitants (2011 census).</p><br>
<h3>Subdivisions</h3><br>
<p>Skala Oropou (pop. 1,430 in 2011)</p><br>
<p>Chalkoutsi (pop. 2,094)</p><br>
<p>Nea Politeia (pop. 622)</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<p>Stamata  is a community in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it is part of the municipality Dionysos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 18.950 km.</p><br>
<p>Stamata is a rather exclusive suburb, situated in the mountainous northeastern part of the Athenian plain, between the Parnitha and Penteli mountains, about 23 km northeast of Athens. Till the last decades, only the main village was inhabited, while the rural area was cultivated by the inhabitants of the village. Nowadays, there are also residences in the settlement of Amygdaleza (Αμυγδαλέζα) and the residential associations of Euxeinos Pontos (Εύξεινος Πόντος) and Prokonisos (Προκόνησος). Stamata could be designated as a rural, rather than a suburban, area, but luxury houses and villas are continuously being developed, mainly in the aforementioned residential associations, turning Stamata into an upper middle class suburb.</p><br>
<h2>Land use</h2><br>
<p>A beautiful pine forest covers the largest part of Stamata, where any kind of development is strictly prohibited by law, although it is an open secret that there are various cases of trespassing and environmental devastation. The residential areas cover only a small part, while in the remaining rural areas, there are sheepcotes, farmlands and vineyards.</p><br>
<h2>Legend</h2><br>
<p>Stamata is believed to lie along the route run by Pheidippides on his mythical journey to declare victory in the Battle of Marathon, which gave its name to the marathon sporting event. According to the legend, Pheidippides was urged to stop (Σταμάτα) while passing through the community, hence giving it its name.</p><br>
<h2>Cuisine</h2><br>
<p>Stamata is now famed for its tavernas serving grilled meat, popular among weekending Athenians, and the viticulture.</p><br>
<p>Varnavas  is a town in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Marathon, of which it is a municipal unit.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Varnavas is situated in the hills of northeastern Attica. The main land use is agriculture. The nearest towns are Kapandriti (4 km west) and Grammatiko (4 km southeast). It is 8 km northwest of Marathon and 32 km northeast of Athens. Landmarks include the Historic People&#39;s Museum of Varnavas (Istoriko Laografiko Mouseio Varnava).</p><br>
<p>The municipal unit has a land area of 37.349 km² and a total population of 2,081 inhabitants (2011). Its other settlements are Agía Paraskeví (pop. 244), Ágioi Dimítrios kai Panteleímon (189), Moní Metamorfóseos Sotíros (136), Ágios Ioánnis (81), Pouríthi (66), Moní Panagías (32), and Limniónas (7).</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<p>Erythres (Ερυθρές, is a village and a former municipality in the northernmost part of West Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Mandra-Eidyllia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 61.145 km.</p><br>
<p>Erythres was named after the ancient city of Erythrae, the ruins of which are located 1.5 km east of the present town. The Greek National Road 3 (Elefsina - Thebes - Florina) passes through Erythres. The area south of Erythres is mountainous, with the Kithaironas to the southwest and the Pastra to the southeast. The area north of Erythres is characterised by the wide, flat valley of the Boeotian river Asopos, that flows to the east along the northern border of the municipal unit. This area is dominated by farmlands. Erythres is located 5 km east of Plataies, 6 km north of Vilia, 12 km south of Thebes and 44 km northwest of Athens.</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<p>Vilia  is a village and a former municipality of West Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Mandra-Eidyllia, of which it is a municipal unit. Its population was 1,753 at the 2011 census.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The municipal unit Vilia covers the mountainous northwestern part of Attica, and has a land area of 144.851 km². The main mountain ranges are Cithaeron (1,409 m) in the northwest and Pastra in the northeast. In the west it stretches along the coast of the Alkyonides Gulf, a bay of the Gulf of Corinth. The village Vilia, the largest in the municipal unit, lies in the easternmost part, at the southeastern foot of Cithaeron. Vilia is 6 km south of Erythres, 7 km west of Oinoi, 10 km east of the coastal village Aigosthena, 17 km south of Thebes and 40 km northwest of Athens.</p><br>
<p>The municipal unit&#39;s largest villages are Vilia (pop. 1,269 in 2011), Kato Alepochori (220), Aigosthena (80), Veniza (52), and Agios Nektarios (40).</p><br>
<h2>Subdivisions</h2><br>
<p>The municipal unit Vilia consists of the following villages:</p><br>
<p>Vilia</p><br>
<p>Agia Paraskevi</p><br>
<p>Agios Konstantinos</p><br>
<p>Agios Nektarios</p><br>
<p>Aigosthena (also Porto Germeno)</p><br>
<p>Ano Alepochori</p><br>
<p>Veniza</p><br>
<p>Kato Alepochori</p><br>
<p>Kryo Pigadi</p><br>
<p>Loumpa</p><br>
<p>Mytikas</p><br>
<p>Profitis Ilias</p><br>
<p>Psatha</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<h2>Notable people</h2><br>
<p>Ellie Lambeti (1926–1983) actress</p><br>
<p>Oinoi  is a village and a former community in the northern part of West Attica, Greece. The village was named Mazi  until 1919. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Mandra-Eidyllia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 14.431 km.</p><br>
<p>The ancient site Oenoe is located about 3 km east of the modern settlement of Oinoi. The Greek National Road 3 (Eleusis - Thebes) passes through Oinoi. Oinoi is surrounded by forested mountains, including Pateras (1,131 m) and Pastra (1,016 m). There are farmlands in the valley areas. Oinoi is located 7 km east of Vilia, 18 km northwest of Eleusis, 19 km southeast of Thebes and 34 km northwest of Athens city centre.</p><br>
<h2>Historical population</h2><br>
<p>Mount Sonder, or Rwetyepme, its Aboriginal name, is the fourth highest mountain in the Northern Territory, Australia at 1,380 m. Mount Zeil is the highest at 1,531 m, 27 km to the west.</p><br>
<h2>Location and features</h2><br>
<p>Mt Sonder is 130 km west of Alice Springs along the MacDonnell Ranges in the West MacDonnell National Park. It marks one end of the celebrated Larapinta trail, which extends 223 km to Alice Springs. The shape of the mountain is a double peak, the relative heights of which are somewhat ambiguous from the summit, although easy to identify from the surrounding plains. The mountain can be seen from the western half of the Larapinta trail, up to Ormiston Pound, which obscures it from then on.</p><br>
<p>Explorer Ernest Giles named the mountain in honour of German botanist Dr. Otto Wilhelm Sonder.</p><br>
<p>A clearly defined walking track exists up the western side, which is about 12 km long. Water is available from a tank 50 m beyond the carpark, and there is a direction plate at the summit. This however is not the true summit, which is a further 750 m away, but has been chosen for safety reasons. The view from the top boasts the taller Mount Zeil to the west, the West MacDonnell Range to the east, Glen Helen, a nearby resort, to the east and Gosses Bluff to the south-west.</p><br>
<p>Hardeol or Temple of God is one of the major peaks of the Kumaon Himalaya. It is the highest peak on the northern side of the ring of peaks guarding the Nanda Devi Sanctuary, and lies at the northeast corner of this ring. It is situated at the northern end of the Milam valley, in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand, India. To its immediate north lies Trishuli, and just south is Rishi Pahar, on a north-south trending ridge leading eventually to Nanda Devi East. Hardeol is also known as Trishuli South.</p><br>
<p>After a reconnaissance in 1939 and a few serious attempts starting in 1967, the first ascent of Hardeol was made by a team from the Indo-Tibetan Border Police on 31 May 1978, led by S. P. Mulasi, climbing from the ridge connecting the peak to Trishuli. Only one further ascent, in 1991, is listed in the Himalayan Index.</p><br>
<p>The best approach to Hardeol is from the eastern side, through the Ikualari glacier and thence to the right, up the Trishuli valley towards the Hardeol icefall. The nearest road to Hardeol is Munsiyari.</p><br>
<p>Cales was an ancient city of Campania, in today&#39;s comune of Calvi Risorta in southern Italy, belonging originally to the Aurunci/Ausoni, on the Via Latina.</p><br>
<p>The Romans captured it in 335 BC and established a colony with Latin rights of 2,500 citizens. Cales was initially the centre of the Roman dominion in Campania. To the period after 335 belong numerous silver and bronze coins with the inscription Caleno. It was an important base in the war against Hannibal, and at last refused further contributions for the war. Before 184 BC more settlers were sent there. After the Social War it became a municipium. The fertility of its territory and its manufacture of black glazed pottery, which was even exported to Etruria, made it prosperous. At the end of the 3rd century BC it appears as a colony, and in the 5th century (AD) it became an episcopal see, which (jointly with Tano since 1818) it still is, though it is now a mere village. The cathedral, of the 12th century, has a carved portal and three apses decorated with small arches and pilasters, and contains a fine pulpit and episcopal throne in marble mosaic. Near it are two grottos, which have been used for Christian worship and contain frescoes of the 10th and 11th centuries. Inscriptions name six gates of the town: and there are considerable remains of antiquity, especially of an amphitheatre and theatre, of a supposed temple, and other edifices.</p><br>
<p>A number of tombs belonging to the Roman necropolis were discovered in 1883.</p><br>
<p>Compsa  was an ancient city of the Hirpini, near the sources of the Aufidus, on the boundary of Lucania and not far from that of Apulia, on a ridge 609 m above sea level. It was betrayed to Hannibal in 216 BC after the defeat of Cannae, but recaptured two years later. It was probably occupied by Sulla in 89 BC, and was the scene of the death of Titus Annius Milo in 48 BC.</p><br>
<p>Most modern sources, for example Hülsen in Pauly-Wissowas Realencyclopädie (Stuttgart, 1901, iv. 797), refer Caesars Commentarii de Bello Civili (iii. 22) and Plinys Naturalis Historiæ to this place, supposing the ancient manuscripts to be corrupt. The usual identification of the site of Milos death with Cassano allo Ionio on the Gulf of Taranto must therefore be rejected.</p><br>
<p>In imperial times, as inscriptions show, it was a municipium, but it lay far from any of the main highways. The ruins of the ancient city were studied again, when they reappeared after the destruction of the modern town in the 1980 Irpinia earthquake.</p><br>
<p>Chopok  is the third highest peak of the Low Tatra range  in central Slovakia. The peak offers a panoramatic view of High Tatra, Liptov and the valley of Hron. There is a chalet  located near the summit.</p><br>
<h2>Access</h2><br>
<p>Chopok is situated on the E8 European walking route, between the Ďumbier and Dereše peaks. In addition to this east-west trail, the mountain can be also reached following the hiking trails either from the north (from the Demänovská Dolina valley) or from the south (from the bus stops Trangoška and Srdiečko). The highest points accessible by a chair lift are Chopok úboč (1834 m) on the northern slope and Kosodrevina (1494 m) on the southern slope.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>The average temperature is -1°C (30°F), with the highest temperature recorded 18°C (66°F) and the lowest recorded temperature -27°C (-18°F). The average temperature in January is -8°C (17°F) and in July 6°C (44°F). Chopok is the windiest place with a weather station in Slovakia.</p><br>
<h2>Skiing</h2><br>
<p>The northern and southern slopes rank among the best skiing terrains in Slovakia. There are three ski areas on the northern slope, with 21 km of prepared skiing tracks, two cable cars, five chair lifts, and ten ski lifts. The southern slope has chair lift and six ski lifts. The mountain is popular among freeskiers. In addition, the Jasná ski center is situated at Chopok&#39;s northern base and the Srdiečko and Tále ski resorts at the southern base.</p><br>
<p>The Volga Upland, also known as the Volga Uplands, Volga Plateau, Volga Hills, or Volga Plateau,  is a vast region of East European Plain in European part of Russia that lies west of the Volga River and east of the Central Russian Upland. The uplands run for approximately 500 miles  in a southwest-northeasterly direction from Volgograd to Kazan. The Tsimlyansk Reservoir lies at the southwestern end of the Volga Upland, with the Kuybyshev Reservoir at the northeastern end.</p><br>
<p>The landscape on the Volga Uplands is hilly, and several rivers has cut into it, such as the Khopyor, Medveditsa and the Sura. The Volga-Don Canal cuts through the lowlands between the Volga Uplands to the north and the adjacent Yergeni Hills to the south.</p><br>
<p>The uplands lie in the cool continental climate zone, characterised by large fluctuations in seasonal temperatures and generally little rainfall. Outside of the cities in the region, population density is generally between 28 and 129 inhabitants per square mile.</p><br>
<p>The Volga Uplands themselves is rather sparsely populated, but along its edges and in particular along the banks of the Volga there are several large cities, such as (from north to south) Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Saransk, Penza, Syzran, Saratov and Volgograd.</p><br>
<h2>"Mountains"</h2><br>
<p>The rocky hills along the Volga banks are traditionally called mountains (горы), despite of low height. From</p><br>
<p>* Uslon Mountains</p><br>
<p>* Yuryevy Mountains</p><br>
<p>* Bogorodskye Mountains</p><br>
<p>* Syukeyevo Mountains</p><br>
<p>* Tetyushi Mountains</p><br>
<p>* Undory Mountains</p><br>
<p>* Zhiguli Mountains</p><br>
<p>* Khvalynsk Mountains</p><br>
<p>Bølling Lake , is a shallow lake of central Jutland in Denmark, slightly west of Silkeborg, between Kragelund and Engesvang.</p><br>
<p>The lake is geologically important because it has been at the edge of the Pleistocene glacier. In the 1870s the lake was drained to accommodate the peat industry, giving science a chance to examine its bogs and historians and prehistorians a chance to examine the artifacts and human remains. A late Pleistocene period of warm climate (an interstadial) was named for the lake based on evidence gathered here (see Bølling oscillation).</p><br>
<p>Some 50 peat factories were built in the region. Eventually the decision was made to protect the remaining peat and in 2003 the region became a conservation area. The lake was to some degree restored. Today it is used extensively for recreation.</p><br>
<p>Axioupoli , known until 1927 as Boymitsa , is a small town and a former municipality in the former Paionia Province of Kilkis regional unit, Greek Macedonia. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Paionia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 284.406 km. In 2011 the town had a population of 2,897, and the municipal unit 5,619.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>Its ancient name was Atalanti and it was established in prehistoric times. Atalanti was conquered by Bottieans who came into the area in the 12th century BC. In the 5th century BC Atalanti was annexed in the Macedonian kingdom and by that time it followed the Greek history. The Bulgarian and Macedonian name is Boymitsa/Bojmica (Cyrillic: Боймица/Бојмица) by which the town was known until the name was changed in 1927. There have been suggestions that its former name was obtained during the era of Byzantine Empire and its transliteration means strong. Slavic tribes, who entered the area in the 7th century AD, named the area Boymitsa, which means little Boymia, because the valley of Axios looks like the Valley of Bohemia (although during the Ottoman era the valley of Axios river used to be called Roumlouki, meaning Valley of Greeks). The town was renamed Axioupoli on 1 January 1927, after the river Axios in its vicinity.</p><br>
<h3>History</h3><br>
<p>Refounded in 1760 by Christian settlers from adjoining areas, they chose it as their new home due to its proximity to the Axios River, near the ruins of ancient town Atalanti. The town form part of the Ottoman Empire until the early 20th century. In the Greek revolution of 1821, inhabitants of Axioupolis and other villages, fought against Ottomans. The family of Papazafiriou Stamatiadi from Idomeni gave the most famous Greek fighters of 1821. The Ottoman troops defeated the rebels in the area, and the revolution continued only in Southern Greece.</p><br>
<p>Construction of Axioupolis&#39; first church, Saint Dimitrios (Greek: Αγίου Δημητρίου), started in 1843 after Christians were given the right to build churches and schools by the Ottomans. Saint Dimitrios was completed in 1859. During the national competitions in the area, a lot of locals resisted in the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO), while others participated in the struggle led by IMRO. A committee of IMRO was founded in Boymitsa in 1896. Its leader was the local Bulgarian teacher Filip Dimitrov. Dellios Petkou Topalis killed in 1898 by Bulgarians.</p><br>
<p>The first school in town was built in 1894. People of Axioupolis Municipality participated in the Macedonian Struggle, and the main leaders of Greek efforts are mentioned below.</p><br>
<p>Macedonian Fighters (Makedonomachi):</p><br>
<p>Axioupolis: Athanassios Gertzikis (priest), Ioannis Goussidis, Vassilios Papageorgiou, Anastassios Karakechagias, Nikolaos Koulerdas, Christos Kotsidis (priest), Sofia Nikou,</p><br>
<p>Ryzia: Vassilios Vantsis, Christos Karamarkos,</p><br>
<p>Skra: Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Anastassios Stavridis, Athanassios Tsempis</p><br>
<p>Chamilo: Panagiotis Varvatis</p><br>
<p>Idomeni: Stylianos Kovatsis Sideras, Grigorios Kokkalis, Georgios Papazafiriou Stamatiadis, Grigorios Papazafiriou Stamatiadis, Zafirios Papazafiriou Stamatiadis</p><br>
<p>The "La Macédoine et sa Population Chrétienne" survey by Dimitar Mishev (D. Brankov) from 1905 shows that the local Christian inhabitants were divided between Bulgarian Exarchate and Patriarchate of Constantinople. There were 1080 Bulgarian Exarchists and 280 supporters of Patriarchate of Constantinople. A Bulgarian and a Greek schools were functioning.</p><br>
<p>On 22 October 1912 the Ottomans were expelled and the town became part of Greece. During the population exchange of the early 20th century the town was settled by refugees from all over the Balkans and Anatolian regions, giving it a unique feel. Its residence played a big part in helping win the Battle of Kilkis-Lahanas and with the battle of Skra-di-Legen.</p><br>
<p>Because of its location it has had geopolitical significance, being one of the last places from which the Germans left after World War II ended. The main railway between Thessaloniki and Europe went through the town&#39;s center, making Axioupoli a center of information during the Balkan Wars, World War I and World War II. In 1913 the first customs office between Greece and Serbia was opened in Axioupoli.</p><br>
<p>In World War I the French Army was stationed there to control one of the main supply routes. They helped build numerous projects in town, and within the region, to help with their supply transportation. They built an additional railroad from the center of Axioupoli to Skra (Skora) and the railroad bridge which crosses over the Axios river and leads into Paris. These projects helped change the town as one of Greece&#39;s industrialized centers.</p><br>
<p>On 8 April 1944 the Germans took control of the town, which gave them access to the railroads, bridges and control over the supply routes for the Axis. They occupied the town until 31 October 1944. During the occupation, the Greek Peoples Liberation Army (Greek Peoples Liberation Army (ELAS) staged many sabotaged missions against the Axis in the region while residents helped hide Greek fighters from the Germans.</p><br>
<h3>Demographics</h3><br>
<h3>Location</h3><br>
<p>The town is located 547 km north-northwest of Athens the capital of Greece; 62 km northwest from the regional capital Thessaloniki; 33.9 km west from the regional unit capital Kilkis, 3.5 km west from the small town of Polykastro. It is West of the Axios River.</p><br>
<h3>Sightseeing</h3><br>
<p>To reach Axioupoli it is most possible to cross, which is mentioned on Homer&#39;s Iliad as Peones, who used to live in the area, fought in the Troy war. You can visit the Natural History Museum, one of the best in Greece, the Library, the Statue of Liberty in the main square and the, the which tradition has as being there since the era of Alexander the Great. Last but not least, it is worth visiting the Blue Lake on mountain Paiko. It is situated between village Koupa and village of Skra, which is internationally famous for the battle that took place there during the first World War, on 17 May 1917.</p><br>
<h3>Education</h3><br>
<p>Axioupoli has a complete system of State schools including one Nursery school, two Primary, two Elementary, one Secondary and one High School. There is also a Technical school (EPAL). Apart from these you can find two Private Foreign Language Schools (Hassapi-Sidera and Sphera).</p><br>
<h3>Famous people born in the town</h3><br>
<p>Apostol Petkov - Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) Revolutionary (1869–1911)</p><br>
<p>The Anastasian Wall  or the Long Walls of Thrace  is an ancient stone and turf fortification located 64 km west of Istanbul, Turkey built by the Byzantines during the late 5th century.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>Originally some 56 km long, it stretches from Evcik İskelesi in Çatalca at the Black Sea coast across the Thracian peninsula to the coast of the Sea of Marmara at 6 km west of Silivri (ancient Selymbria). It ran from north to south through the locations what are today Karacaköy, Gümüşpınar, Pınarca, Kurfallı, Fener, Alipaşa Neighborhood and Silivri Altınorak. Remains of the wall are visible in Gümüşpınar junction in Karacaköy, Hisartepe in Yalıköy, Pınarca in İhsaniye and Kurfallı village. The wall was part of an additional outer defense system for Constantinople, capital of the Eastern Roman Empire and probably continued in use until the 7th century.</p><br>
<p>The wall was named after the Emperor Anastasius I (r. 491–518). However, there is evidence that the fortification already existed in 469 during the reign of Leo I (r. 457-474) and in 478 in the era of Zeno (r. 476–491), and it was maintained and renewed by Anastasius in the time from 507 to 512. The wall had a thickness of 3.3 m and a height over 5 m. It was built complete with towers, gates, forts, ditches and a military way to protect Constantinople from invasions from the west by Huns, Slavs and Bulgars. A rectangular castrum with dimensions of 250 m by 300 m existed also in the central section of the wall.</p><br>
<h2>Effectiveness</h2><br>
<p>It is known that the wall had only a limited effectiveness, and the barbarians penetrated it many times, because the fortification&#39;s length made it difficult to defend the wall completely by a limited garrison, and also because the wall was not sufficiently strong due to its construction in haste.</p><br>
<p>The wall fell into ruin after it was abandoned in the 7th century because of the difficulty of keeping it manned and repaired. Over the centuries, the stone of more than half of the total length was reused in other local buildings. It is best preserved in the woodlands of the northern sector.</p><br>
<p>The Anastasian Wall is an almost unknown example of monumental linear fortification dating from antiquity in continental Europe, next only to Hadrian&#39;s Wall (122 AD) in England in its complexity.</p><br>
<p>The Gambhir River is a river of Rajasthan, India. It originates in the hills near Hindaun Rural in Hindaun Subdivision in Karauli district and flows around Hindaun City. It flows from south to north up to Kanjoli-Katara Aziz village , then towards northeast up to village Mertha of Roopbas Block, before entering Uttar Pradesh. The river again enters Rajasthan near Catchapaura village in Dholpur District and forms the boundary between UP and Rajasthan. It then enters Mainpuri District in UP to finally joins River Yamuna.</p><br>
<p>It flows between the city of Bayana and Brahmbad Village in the Bharatpur district.</p><br>
<p>It supplies water for Keoladev Ghana Bird Century, Bharatpur, and Rajasthan.</p><br>
<p>It is a seasonal river, and therefore only flows in rainy seasons.</p><br>
<p>Important tributaries of the Gambhir are Sesa, Kher and Parbati.</p><br>
